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Haloperidol
trade name
- antipsychotic
- tranquilizer
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Haloperidol
mechanism of action
- 1. demonstrates anti-psychotic effects by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain (dopamine receptors are linked to mood and behavior)
- 2. exerts strong anti-emetic effects and impairs central thermoregulation
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Haloperidol
indications
- 1. acute psychotic disorders/episodes
- 2. delirium
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Haloperidol
contraindications
- 1. Parkinson’s Disease
- 2. seizure disorders
- 3. coma
- 4. alcoholism
- 5. ALOC
- 6. Safe use during pregnancy, in nursing mothers, and in children < 3 years has not been established
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Haloperidol
side effects
- CNS: Extrapyramidal reactions, dystonia, restlessness, reflexive anxiety, Combativeness (particularly in elderly patient administration)
- Cardiovascular: tachycardia, hypotension, ECG changes
- GI: dry mouth, constipation, diarrhea, N/V
- Respiratory: respiratory depression, bronchospasm
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Haloperidol
precautions
Use with caution in elderly or debilitated patients or those with severe Cardiovascular disorders.
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Haloperidol
interactions
CNS depressants, opiates and alcohol may increase CNS depression, may also antagonize oral anti-coagulants
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Haloperidol
routes
IM, PO (in inpatient care settings)
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Haloperidol
onset and duration
Onset in 10-45 minutes; peak effect in 10-20 min, can last up to 36 hours.
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Haloperidol
dosage
- Adult: 2-5 mg IM
- Pediatric: 0.05-0.15 mg/kg/day PO typically divided into 2 or 3 doses
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