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What type of tissue is the epidermis primarily made up of?
stratified squamous.
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What purpose does keratin serve in the epidermis?
helps prevent water loss.
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What does Carotene provide for the skin?
yellow orange pigment.
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What does Melanin provide for the skin?
yellow to black.
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What is the order of the layers of the epidermis from the youngest cells to the oldest cells?
basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, and corneum.
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List 2 characreristics of the corneum layer in the epidermis.
3/4 of epidermal thinkness & consists of keratin and dead cells.
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List 2 characreristics of the lucidum layer in the epidermis.
it's only seen where skin is keratinized & protective waterproof barrier.
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List a characreristic of the granulosum layer in the epidermis.
seen filling in damage in repair process.
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List a characreristic of the spinosum layer in the epidermis.
cells moving up from the basal layer.
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List 2 characreristics of the basale layer in the epidermis.
recieves nutrients & constantly undergoing cell division.
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What are the 8 major functions of the integumentary system as a whole?
- 1. protection from mechanical damage
- 2. protection from chemical damage
- 3. protection from microorganisms
- 4. protecion from UV radiation
- 5. control body temperature
- 6. maintain H2O balance
- 7. aids in excretion of metabolic wate released through sweat
- 8. aids in synthesis of vitamins
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What are oil glads also called?
What do they secrete?
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What are sweat glands also called?
What do they secrete?
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Which structure is directly responsible for the growth of the fingernail?
matrix.
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How do you classify body membranes?
by their tissue makeup.
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What's the difference of the visceral serosa and the parietal serosa?
- visceral serosa- lines the outside of organs
- parietal serosa- lines the walls of the cavity
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What are the 4 signs of skin cancer? (ABCD)
asymmetry, border irregularly, color, and diameter.
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Name the 3 major types of skin cancer and describe their appearance.
- basal cell carcinoma- shiny edge with an open sore
- squamous cell carcinoma- raised red bumps with small ulcer
- malignant melanoma- rapidly spreading brown to black patch.
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What is the deffinition of a burn?
tissue damage and cell death caused by intense heat, electricity, radiation, or certian chemicals.
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What are 4 life threatning results from burns?
- 1. loss of body fluid
- 2. leads to dehydration (can cause shutdown of the kidneys)
- 3. circulatory shock because of low blood volume
- 4. infection
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What is the Rule of the Nines used for?
estimate how much fluid is lost by determining the extent of the damage.
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Classify the 3 types of burns.
- 1. first degree burn- only the epidermis is damaged
- 2. second degree burn- damage to the epidermis and the upper dermis
- 3. third degree burn- destroy the entire thickness of the skin
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What are the requirements for a burn to be classified as critical?
- 2 degree burns over 25% or more of the body
- 3 degree burns over 10% of the body
- 3 degree burns on the hands, feet, or face
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Do benign tumors spread to other body ares?
no.
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What are the 3 types of epithelial membranes?
- 1. cutaneous
- 2. mucous
- 3. serous
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