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Cultural Diversity
Describes a society in which many different cultures exist
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Culture
The way of life of a particular society or social group
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Customs
Traditional forms of behaviour associated with particular social occasions
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Deviannce
Rule-breaking behaviour
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Ethnocentrism
The belief that one culture is 'normal' and others inferior
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Feral Children
Children brought up with limited contact with humans
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Identity
The sense of who we are
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Instinct
A genetic or biological code in animals that large determinds their behaviour
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Internalise
Accept something so that it becomes 'taken for granted'
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Norms
Rules of behaviour in social situations
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Primary Socialisation
Socialisation in the verye early years of life, normally through parents
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Roles
Positions in society such as 'mother' or 'police officer'. Roles are made up of norms
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Sanctions
Actions that encourage or discourage particular behaviour suchas smiling or frowning at a young child
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Secondary Socialisation
Socialisation that continues throughout life. Education, the media and religion are all important influences
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Socialisation
The process by which we learn acceptable cultural beliefs and behaviour
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Society
A social system made up of social institutions such as the family, education, law, politics, the media, religion and peer groups
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Sociobiology
The study of similarities between the natural and social worlds
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Subculture
A group within a larger culture that shares some aspects of that culture but also has some of its own values and customs
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Values
Widely accepted beliefs that some things are worthwhile
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Ageism
Discrimination based upon negative stereotypes of age, usually foucusing on the elderly and the young
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Cultural Capital
Cultural skills, such as knowing how to behave , speak and learn, passed on by middle-class parents to their children
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Differentiation
Ways of distinguishing between social groups through variations in aspects of culture, language, customs, power, wealth and status
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Feudalism
Medieval system of stratification based on the ownership of land
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Homophobia
Prejudice and discrimination against gay people
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Life Chances
Opportunities or lack of them to acquire material, social and cultural rewards such as jobs, qualifications or good health
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Manual Work
Physical labour
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Meritocratic
Where rewards are given on the basis of achievement i.e. effort, ability and intelligence
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Multicultural
Characterised by a varity of ethnic groups
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Non-manual Work
Work that mainly involves mental labour
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Patriachal
Male dominated
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Power
The ability to maintain inequality against the will of others
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Social Exclusion
Missing out on opportunities and activities that most other people take for granted because of poverty or other factors beyond your control
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Slavery
Form of stratification where people are either owned by others or are forced to work for no or very little pay
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Stratification
Hierarchical ranking based on social status, resulting in patterns of inequality
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Underclass
A social group in poverty which (depending on your perspective) is a product of workshy attitudes and an overgenerous benefit system or a product of economic recession
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Upward Social Mobility
The ability to move upwards through the class system e.g. from working class to middle class
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