-
what does "tar -t achive.tar" do ?
list the contents of archive.tar, or --list.
-
what does "tar -r archive.tar file" do ?
Appends the file "file" to the end of the archive. Also --append can be used
-
On which block is the first redundant copy of the partition's super block stored by default on an ext4 filesystem ?
32768
-
What is the command to create a swap partition on the second SATA drive first partition?
mkswap /dev/sdb1
-
What is the command to enable the swap partition on the second SATA drive first partition ?
swapon /dev/sdb1
-
What type of backup backs up all filles modified since the last full backup, and does NOT flag the files as having been backed up ?
Differential Backup
-
In command mode for fdisk what does "p" do ?
print extisiting partitions on the drive.
-
In fdisk command mode what does "n" do ?
create a new partition on the disk.
-
What is the command to check a digital signature of an rpm file ?
rpm --checksig package.rpm
-
What is the command to test dependancies of an rpm without installing ?
rpm -i --test package.rpm
-
What is the the command to install an rpm regardless of the dependancies ?
rpm -i --nodeps package.rpm
-
What is the command to list all packages that require an rpm ?
rpm -q --whatrequires
-
What is the command to list all files incuded in an rpm ?
rpm -ql package.rpm
-
What is the command to show what a package provides ?
rpm -q --provides
-
What is the command to show what rpm package provides the function?
rpm -q --whatprovides
-
What is the rpm command to get specific detailed information about a package ?
rpm -qi package.rpm
-
What is the command to verify an installed package ?
rpm -V packagename
-
What is the command to convert an rpm to a cpio archive ?
rpm2cpio package.rpm > package.cpio
-
In what directory are yum repositories stores ?
/etc/yum.repos.d
-
When using the dpkg utility what does -P option do ?
-P Uninstalls the package AND deleted all of the configuration files.
-
What is the command to install package.deb
dpkg -i package.deb
-
What is the command to to display information about a deb package that is not installed on the system ?
dpkg -I package.deb
-
What is teh command to see information about a deb package that is already installed?
dpkg -p package.deb
-
What does dpkg -l do ?
lists all installed packages on the system.
-
What does dpkg -L package.deb do ?
Lists all files that were installed by the package.
-
what does dpkg -S filename do?
Identifies the package that installed filename.
-
What does dpkg -rB do ?
Disables other packages that are dependant on the package being removed.
-
What does dpkg -iG do ?
Does not install the package if a newer version is already installed.
-
What does dpkg -iE do ?
Does not install the package if the same version is already installed.
-
What is the apt command to show information about a package ?
apt-cache showpkg packagename
-
What is the APT command to show all dependancies for a package name ?
apt-cache depends packagename
-
What is the APT command to search for installed packagenames ?
apt-cache pkgnames packagename
-
What does "apt-get upgrade" do ?
Upgrades all installed packages to the newest version.
-
What does "apt-get dist-upgrade" do ?
Upgrades all installed packages to the newest version, but avoids upgrading packages if the upgrade would break a dependency.
-
What does "apt-get clean" do ?
Removes all outdated information from the package database.
-
What is the apt-get command to verfy the integrity of installed packages as well as the package database ?
apt-get check
-
What does thr -d option for for both upgrade and install using the apt-get command do ?
Downloads the packages, but does not install them.
-
What does "apt-get -s install ntp" do ?
Simulates the install, but does not actually install it.
-
What is the apt-get option to fix if possible any unmet dependancies ?
the -f option.
-
What is the command to view a list of all shared libraries on your Linux system ?
ldconfig -p
-
What is the command to view the libraries required bya specific application ?
ldd -v executable_filename
-
What two places are searched when for libraries ?
The /etc/ld.so.cache file and the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable.
-
What is the command to rebuild the library cache ?
ldconfig
-
What uname option shows the linux kernel's name ?
unames -s
-
What uname option shows the hardware platform ?
uname -i
-
What uname option shows the systems host name ?
uname -n
-
What uname option shows the processor type ?
uname -p
-
What uname option shows the hardware achitecture (x86_64) ?
uname -m
-
What is the option used with man to serach for a keyword across all man pages ?
man -k keyword
-
What Man page manual section is "Library Functions"?
manual section 3
-
What Man page manual section is "Games" ?
manual section 6
-
What Man page manual section is 8?
Administrative utilities used by root user.
-
What man section is 9 ?
kernel routine documentation.
-
What shell variable is used to store shell prompt format.
$PS1
-
Which configuration file is first read when a login bash shell is run ?
/etc/profile
-
What file can be used to configure the path to man page files ?
/etc/man_db.conf
-
What does grep -l "name" do ?
Display only the filename "name" was found in and not the matching text.
-
What does grep -n "name" * do ?
displays the matching text, file name and line numbers.
-
What is the name of the daemon for locate.
updatedb
-
What does "whereis -b" show ? -m ?
-b show the path to the binary, and -m for the location of man pages.
-
What is the option for mkdir that allow you to create directories and subdirectorys in one command ?
mkdir -p /stuff/morestuff
-
What is the GID of this entry from /etc/passwd
klette:x:1004:1005::/home/klette:/bin/bash
1005
-
What is the status of this user :
/etc/shadow
klette:*:14839:0:99999:7:::
* means the account is locked.
-
What does useradd -D do ?
Shows the defaults for newly added logins.
-
What does the comand pwck do ?
verifies integrity of password files
-
What files stores the default settings for new users ?
/etc/default/useradd
-
What file stores the default settings for new users in /etc/shadow?
/etc/login.defs
-
What directory stores default hidden files for newly added users ?
/etc/skel
-
What does the -M option do for useradd ?
Adds user without a home directory.
-
What does the -m option do for useradd ?
create a home directory for the user.
-
What does the -G option do for useradd or usermod ?
list of supplementary groups.
-
What does the -e option do for useradd or usermod?
date on which the accoount will expire.
-
What does the -f option do for useradd or usermod ?
Days after a password expires until account is disabled.
-
What does the -g option do for useradd ?
Name or number of the user's primary group.
-
What does the -s option do for useradd or usermod?
specify the user's shell
-
What does the -u option do for useradd or usermod ?
manually specify the uid. (by number)
-
What does the -r option do for useradd ?
create a "system" account, same as --system
-
What does the -p option do for useradd or usermod?
specify crypt password.
-
What does passwd -S <user> do ?
report the password status for an account.
-
What is the comand to unlock a password for a user ?
passwd -u <user>; or --unlock
-
What is the comand to lock a password for a user ?
passwd -l <user>, or --lock
-
What is the comand to delete a password for a user ?
passwd -d <user>, or --delete
-
What does "passwd -m 3 <user>" do ?
Sets the Minimum days before a password can be changed to 3 days, or --mindays
-
What does "passwd -x 3 <user>"do ?
This sets the maximum bumber of days a password remains and valid before it must be changed. or --maxdays
-
What does "passwd -i 3 <user>" do ?
Sets the number of days the can be accessed after expiration. or --inactive
-
What does "passwd -w 3 <user>" do ?
Set the number of days until a password change is required. or --warndays
-
What does usermod -c "txt" do ?
adds a comment to the user account "txt"
-
What does "usermod -U ,user> " do ?
unlock the user account; or --unlock
-
What does the "usermod -d" do ?
Allows you to specify a new home directory location
-
What does "usermod -l <user> " do ?
Specficy a new login name
-
What does "userdel -r <user>" do ?
Removes the user and home directory and mail spool entries.
-
What does the -r option do for groupadd ?
adds a system group
-
What does the -g option do for groupadd ?
Allows you to specify a GID
-
What does the -p option do for groupadd ?
Specify an encrypted password.
-
What does "groupmod -A "ksanders" dbusers" do ?
Adds ksanders to the dbusers group.
-
What does "groupmod -R "ksanders" dbusers" do ?
Removes ksanders from the dbusers group.
-
what does "chmod 4644 testfile" to testfile ?
- SUID - set user id
- -rwSr--r-- 1 sethwalt sethwalt 0 Oct 25 14:42 testfile
-
What does "chmod 2644 testfile" do ?
- SGID - set group id
- -rw-r-Sr-- 1 sethwalt sethwalt 0 Oct 25 14:42 testfile
-
What does "chmod 1644 testfile" do ?
- Sticky bit - only applies to directory
- -rw-r--r-T 1 sethwalt sethwalt 0 Oct 25 14:42 testfile
-
Explain sticky bit :
Users can only delete files within the directory for which they are owner of the file or directory itself
-
Explain SGID :
Set group id only applied to binary executables. When a file is executed, the user who runs, temporarily becomes a member of the file's group. Also whe SGID is set the file is set to the group of the parent dirctory when created.
-
Explain SUID:
Set user id only applied to binary executables . When run the user who runs the file is temproarily the owner.
-
What 2 entries need to be added to the /etc/fstab file to enable quotas?
usrquota and grpquota to the options section.
-
What does the command dmsg | more display ?
Messages displayed during boot process.
-
What is the bash command to create a grub password hash?
grub-md5-crypt
-
What need to be entered in /etc/grub.conf file for a password ?
- "password x" or
- "password -md5 $alkjlsafi9230r9f" for md5 hashes.
-
What directive needs to be added to a section in the grub.conf file to require the user to use a password ?
"lock"
-
Which runlevel halts the system ?
0
-
Which runlevel reboots the system ?
6
-
What is the command that removes init scripts and runlevels for daemon ?
insserv -r <service name>
-
What is the command that adds init scripts and runlevels for daemon ?
insserv <service name>
-
What is the command that sets runlevels for daemon to the defaults ?
insserv -d <service name>
-
what is the insserv syntax to set ntp to run levels 3 and 5 ?
insserv start=3,5
-
What is the command to build a module dependance list ? What is the location of the file ?
depmod; /lib/modules/2.6.28-11-generic/modules.dep
-
What is the daemon that creates a virtual file system mounted at /dev and communicates to the Linux kernel through the uevent interface.
udev
-
IEEE 1394 allows you to connect up to how many devices ?
63
-
USB allows you to connect up to how many external devices to the PC ?
127
-
ISA or PCI devices cannot share an interrupt ?
ISA
-
Can Two PCI devices can share interrupts ?
Yes
-
Can A PCI device share an interrupt with an ISA device.
No
-
What does the cut -d option do ?
specifies the character the is the delimiter for fields.
-
What does the cut -f1 <file>do ?
displays the first field for every line in the file.
-
what does
echo "monkeys" | cut -b 2 or
echo "monkeys" | cut -c 2 do ?
-c for characters and -b for bytes both display "o"
-
What does the "expand" command do ?
coverts all TABs in a file to spaces.
-
What does "unexpand" do ?
Converts all spaces in a file to TABs
-
What does "fmt -w 80 longfile " do ?
sets the max width of the lines in the file to 80 char.
-
Explain join -j 1 file1 file1; what do the files contain
Join the lines from file 1 and file 2, based on the mating join field 1. IE the lines are numbered in each file.
-
Explain paste file1 file2
Match by lines (regardless of content) from file 1 and file 2 separated by a tab.
-
What does "nl file1" do ?
numbers each line
-
What does "pr -d -l 10 -o 10 testfile" do ?
Format file for printing : -d double space, -l number of lines; -o set a margin.
-
What do the awk options n, f, r, t do ?
t Inserts a Tab character. n Adds a newline character.f Adds a form feed character. r Adds a carriage return character
-
What to the sort options -f, -M, -n, -r do ?
-f Fold lowercase characters to uppercase characters. -M Sort by month. -n Sort numerically. -r Reverse the sort order
-
What does "cat lastnames | tr a-z A-Z" do ?
Changes every letter in the file to Upper case.
-
What do the uniq options -u and -d do ?
-d Only print duplicate lines. -u Only print unique lines
-
What do the wc options, -c, -m, -l, -w do ?
-c Print the byte counts. -m Print the character counts. -l Print the newline counts. -L Print the length of the longest line. -w Print the word counts.
-
What do the cpio options -i, -o, -p, -v do?
-i, --extract Extract files from an archive (run in copy-in -o, --create Create the archive (run in copy-out mode) -p, --pass-through Run in copy-pass mode -v, --verbose Verbosely list the files processe
-
What does killall -u jon do ?
kills all processes for user jon
-
What signal is SIGHUP ?
SIGHUP kill signal 1 restarts the process
-
What signal is SIGINT?
SIGINT kill signal 2 ends a ctrl C
-
What signal is SIGKILL ?
SIGKILL kill signal 9 brute force kill
-
What signal is SIGTERM ?
SIGTERM kill 15 tells the process to terminate immediatly
-
What does killall do ?
kills all processes by name.
-
What is nohup used for ? nohup updatemydb &
To continue to run the process even when user logs out.
-
using the at command when is teatime ?
4Pm
-
What is the atq command used for ?
To see what at jobs are qued to run.
-
What is the atrm command used for?
To remove qued at commands, but job number.
-
What does the ps command do, ps -e ? ps -ef ? ps -efl?
- ps - display processes in current shell
- ps -e - all processes
- ps -f show more detail :
- ps -l even more detail :
-
What does quotacheck -amvug do?
-a Checks all mounted file systems. -m Forces check on mounted file systems. -u Checks users.-g Checks groups. -v Operates in verbose mode.
-
When quotacheck is complete what 2 files are created ? Where are they?
Two files named aquota.user and aquota.group should have been created in the mount point of your mounted file system.
-
What is the command to enable quotas on the filesystem?
quotaon -av
-
What is the command to edit quotas for a user?
edquota -u username
-
What is the command to copy quotas from one user to another ?
edquota -p user1 user2
-
What is the command to edit quotas for groups?
edquota -g groupname
-
What is the default grace period for quotas? What is the command to change it ?
7 days, edqouta -t
-
What is the command to see a quota report for all users ?
repquota -av
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