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What do the lowercase letters in a puppy or kitten's dental formula mean?
they represent temporary teeth
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How are individual teeth numbered? And what is this called?
- they are numbered as counted from the cent of the front backwards
- this is called anatomic nomenclature
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Each tooth can be designated by a letter with a number as _____ or _____.
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Which side the number is on indicates the ______.
side of the head.
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Superscript or postscript indicates _____ or _____.
upper or lower arcade
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Which tooth is C1?
right upper canine tooth
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Which tooth is 1C?
lower left canine tooth
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What is the more preferred system of nomenclature called? How are the teeth assigned for this system?
- modified triadan system
- each quadrant of the mouth is assigned a hundred digit (100 = upper right, 200 = upper left, 300 = lower left, 400 = lower right)
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How are the baby teeth represent in the modified triadan system?
- maxillary right quadrant = 500
- maxillary left quadrant = 600
- mandibular left quadrant = 700
- mandibular right quadrant = 800
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What tooth is #504?
deciduous upper right canine tooth
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Regardless of the species the canine tooth is always _____ and the first molar is always _____.
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How many teeth do cats have? Dogs?
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Which teeth are cats missing that makes them have less teeth than dogs?
- the first upper premolars (105 and 205)
- cats also only have one upper molar
- cats have only premolars 3 and 4 on the lower jaw so in the lower jaw the count would go from 304 to 307 and 404 to 407 (missing 305, 306, 405, 406)
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What do all medical records need to include?
- the owners name
- address
- telephone number
- animals name
- breed
- age
- sex of the patient
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Charts should be done during the _____ and not after because confusion or forgetfullness will lead to errors.
prophy
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What should dental charts include?
- calculus index or grade
- missing teeth
- malformed or malpositioned teeth
- supernumerary teeth
- traumatized teeth
- gingival index
- stomatitis and kissing ulcers
- tooth mobility
- probing depth
- gingival recession and hyperplasia
- periodontal pockets (PP)
- root exposed (RE)/gingival recession (GR)
- total attachment loss (AL)
- furcation lesions
- attrition (AT)
- abrasion (AB)
- crowded teeth (CWD)
- rotated teeth (ROT)
- periodontal index
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How are missing teeth indicated on the chart?
circling them
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How are retained teeth indicated on the chart?
RR
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What is the abbreviation for closed fractures (involves only the enamel or dentin)?
FxC
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What is the abbreviation for open fractures (extends to the pulp)?
FxO
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What are the two ways open fractures can be classified? What does it indicate?
- V - vital
- NV - non vital
- this indicates if the pulp is alive or dead
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What are the different grades for tooth mobility?
- 1 = barely moveable
- 2 = obvious movement
- 3 = floppy tooth
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What is the normal sulcus depth for dogs?
4mm or less
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What is the normal sulcus depth for small dogs?
2mm or less
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What is the normal sulcus depth for cats?
1mm or less
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What does the gingival recession and hyperplasia together measure?
the free gingiva
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The free gingiva margin should lap over the tooth crown at _____ in most portions of a dog's mouth.
2mm
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What does gingival recession measure?
the amount of root exposed
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What does gingival hyperplasia measure?
the amount the tissue is overlapping the crown
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How are the periodontal pockets measured?
with the periodontal probe
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How do you get the total attachment loss?
add together the #mm of gingival recession + the depth of the periodontal pocket
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How are furcation lesions graded?
- F1 = depression in the furcation area
- F2 = depression more than halfway under the crown, but not all the way through
- F3 = when the probe can be passed all the way through the furcation
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What is attrition?
refers to the loss of crown due to tooth to tooth contact (wear)
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What is abrasion?
refers to the loss of crown due to contact with an outside source such as chewing on tennis balls, rocks, etc.
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How do we indicated crowded teeth on a chart?
place { } around the teeth that are crowded
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How do we indicated a rotated tooth on a chart?
an arrow is drawn to indicate the direction of rotation
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What is the periodontal index?
- overal assessment of the condition of the gingiva
- graded 1 - 4
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