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Alimentation
The process of providing nutrition for the body
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Metabolism
Nutrients are used for growth
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The digestive system accomplishes its role through the following:
Ingestion
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Ingestion
The activities in the human begin with this
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Digestion
It comes after ingestion. It is the mechanical and chemical conversion of food into substances that can eventually be absorbed by cells
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Absorption
The process in which the digested food molecules pass through the lining of the small intestine into the blood or lymph capillaries
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Elimination
The final activity. It is the removal of undigested food particles.
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Defecation
The elimination of wastes through the anus in the form of feces
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de-
Down; from; reversing; or removing
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A disorder that results from a resistance to or lack of insulin is........
Diabetes mellitus
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The term for increased glucose in the blood is.....
Hyperglycemia
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The term for excessive urination is.......
Polyuria
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The term for excessive thirst is.......
Polydipsia
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Glucose in the urine is called.......
Glycosuria
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A type of diabetes that sometimes occurs first during pregnancy is called.........
Gestational diabetes mellitus
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Less than the normal amount of sugar in the blood is called.......
Hypoglycemia
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Hyperlipidemia is an increased amount of __________________ in the blood
Lipids (fats)
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Excessive vomiting is..........
Hyperemesis
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Excessive leanness is.........
Emaciation
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A disorder characterized by prolonged refusal to eat is............
Anorexia nervosa
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Binge eating often terminating in self-induced vomiting is...........
bulimia
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Hiatal hernia
The upper portion of the stomach slides up and down through the opening in the diaphragm
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The musculoskeletal system provides.........
protection, support, and movement for the body
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Hematopoiesis
The formation of blood or blood cells in the body
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In addition to support and movement; the bones function in..........
The formation of blood cells; storage of fat in the bone marrow; and storage and release of minerals; especially calcium
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De-
Down; from; or reversing
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Meta-
Change or next in the series
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Voluntary, or skeletal, muscle
The type that is attached to bone and is controlled by the conscious part of the brain to produce movement. Under the microscope
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Visceral muscle; also called smooth muscle
Located in the walls of hollow internal structures; is involuntary; and lacks striations
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Cardiac muscle
Involuntary but striated
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Acute inflammation of deep subcutaneous tissues
Cellulitis
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Infection of bone and bone marrow
Osteomyelitis
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Inflammation of bone and cartilage
Osteochondritis
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Malignant tumor composed of cartilage
Chondrosarcoma
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Malignant tumor containing fibrous tissue
Fibrosarcoma
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Disease characterized by unrestrained WBC growth
Leukemia
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Abnormal loss of bone density and bone deterioration
Osteoporosis
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Abnormal mineralization and softening of bone
Osteomalacia
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The mechanical breakdown of food is accomplished by..........
Chewing
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The three major classes of nutrients.........
Carbohydrates; proteins; and lipids (fats)
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Carbohydrates
The basic source of energy for human cells; include sugars and starches
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Enzymes
The chemical breakdown of nutrients into simpler substances
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Lactase
Breaks down lactose
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Glucose
The eventual product of the digestion of sugars as well as starches. A simple sugar that is the major source of energy for the body
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Amylase
The enzyme that breaks down starch
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Protease proteinase
The effective enzyme that breaks down protein
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Lipase
The effective enzyme that breaks down a lipid (fat)
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Lipids
Serve as an energy source
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Closed reduction
Pulling a broken bone into alignment without surgery
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Internal fixation
Surgery using pins or other materials to immobilize a broken bone
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Open reduction
Surgically exposing and aligning a broken bone
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Ostectomy
Excision of a bone
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Bone
The most rigid connective tissue
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Bursa
Fluid-filled sac that helps reduce friction
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Cartilage
Provides protection and support for a joint
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Joint
Place of union between two or more bones
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Ligament
Connects bones or cartilages
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Synovial membrane
Fluid-secreting tissue lining the joint
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Tendon
Strong; fibrous tissue that attaches muscles to bones
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Chemical breakdown begins in the _______________ and is completed in the ____________.
Mouth; stomach
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The skin is the external covering and is called the........
Integument
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The skin protects the underlying tissues from drying out; harmful light rays; and invasion of ___________________.
Microbes (microorganisms)
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Skin structures called ____________________ receive stimuli from the environment
Receptors
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The sweat glands help control body temperature and excrete water and ___________________.
Salts
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Dermis
Thicker layer of skin
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Epidermis
Thin outer layer of skin
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Subcutaneous adipose tissue
Composed of fat
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Bulla
Blister, larger than 1 cm
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Cyst
Sac filled with clear fluid
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Fissure
Cracklike lesion of the skin
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Macule
discolored spot, not elevated
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Papule
Solid elevation; less than 0.5 cm in diameter
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Pustule
Fluid-filled sac containing pus
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Vesicle
Blister; smaller than 1 cm
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