-
Social Psychology
The study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors affect, and are affected by the behavior of others.
-
Attitude
A tendency to think, feel, or act positevely or negatively toward a person or object.
-
Cognitive Dissonance
An uncomfortable state of tension caused by percieving a contradiction among ones beliefs, feelings, actions, and or experience.
*Leon Festinger
-
How to Change a Belief Using Cognitive Dissonance:
- Encourage a behavior that contradicts the person's belief, but...
- -give the min. reward needed to produce compliance, and...
- -surround the person by fellow believers
-
3 Kinds of Social Influence:
- -Conformity: yielding to real or imagined group pressure
- -Compliance: yielding to a direct request
- -Obedience: yielding to a direct order
-
"Norms"
- 1. Prescriptive: how events should be.
- 2. Descriptive: how events are.
- -mean,median,mode
-
Two Conformity Studies
- 1. Muzafer Sherif(1937):
- -the "autokinetic effect"
- 2. Solomon Asch(1952):
- -Actors unanimously lie on 12 of 18 trials
- -70% of subjects conform on at least one trial
-
3 Forms of Compliance
- 1. Foot-in-the-Door: Start small. Acceptance. Go big.
- 2. Door-in-the-Face: Start big. Rejection. Go small.
- 3. Lowballing: (Bait-and-Switch): Get acceptance. Say you only have a more expensive one in stock.
-
2 Compliance Studies:
- 1.Stanley Milgram(1960's)
- -2/3 went all the way to 450 volts.
- 2. Philip Zambardo(1970's): Stanford Prison Study
- - deindividuation: the loss of of individual identity by submersion into the group.
-
Attribution Theory:
The study of how people decide to what to attribute the causes of behavior
-
Why did the person do that?
- 1. Internal: The behavior is caused by something within the person.
- -traits, state, character, mood
- THE PERSON IS RESPONSIBLE
- 2. External:The behavior is caused by something in the situation.
- THE PERSON IS NOT RESPONSIBLE
-
Two Kinds of Groups:
- In-Group: A group in which one identifies
- Out-Group: A group with which one does not identify
-
Prejudice
- a tendency to think, fell, or act, positively or negatively toward a person based on assigning that person membership in a group.
- THE GROUP IS A "SOCIAL CONSTRUCT."
-
Levels of Consciousness: "The Iceberg Model"
- Conscious-Currently in awareness
- Preconcsious-Available to awareness
- Unconscious-Blocked form awareness due to anxiety (Repressed)
-
3 Meanings of Unconcsious:
- 1. Repressed
- 2. Difficult to bring to awareness and repressed
- 3. Not concsious (cognitive unconcsious)
|
|
