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_____ is a condition in which the person experiences changes in the normal balanced state.
Stress
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A ______ is any event or stimulus that causes an individual to experience stress.
Stressor
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What indicatior of Stress are there?
Physiologic, psychologic, or cognitive
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Name the Psychologic Indicators of Stress?
- Anxiety: a state of mental uneasiness, apprehension, dread, or foreboding or a feeling of helplessness related to impending or anticipated unidentified treat to self.
- Fear: an emotion or feeling of apprehension aroused by impending or seeming danger, pain, or another perceived threat.
- Anger: an emotional state consisting of a subjective feeling of animosity or strong displeasure
- Depression: an extreme feeling of sadness, dispair, dejection, lack of worth, or emptiness, affects millions of Americans a year.
- Ego Defense Mechanisms: unconscious psychologic adaptive mechanisms or mental mechanisms that develop as the personality attemts to defend itself, establish compromises among conflicting impulses, and calm innner tensions.
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Name the Cognitive Indicatiors of Stress?
- Problem solving: involves thinking through the threatening situation, using specific steps to arrive at a solution.
- Structuring: the arrangement or manipulation of a situation so that theatening events do not occur.
- Self-Control (discipline): assuming a manner and facial expression that convey a sense of being in control or in charge.
- Suppresion: consciously and willfully putting a thought or feeling out of mind; "I won't deal with that today. I'll do it tomorrow."
- Fantasy or Daydreaming: likened to make-believe
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_____ may be described as dealing with change- successfully or unsuccessfully.
Coping
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What is a coping strategy?
a natural or learned way of responding to a changing environment or specific problem or situation
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The effectiveness of an individual's coping is influenced by a number of factors, what are tthey?
- 1. The number, duration, and intensity of the stressors
- 2. Past experiences of the individual
- 3. Support systems available to the individual
- 4. Personal qualities of the person
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As a nurse, what are some assessment questions you could ask about Stress and Coping Patterns?
- 1. On a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is "very minor" and 10 is "extreme," how would you rate the stress you are experiencing in the following areas? (home, work, relationship with family, ext.)
- 2. How long have you been dealing with these stressors?
- 3. How do you usually handle stressful situations?
- 4. How well does your usual coping strategy work?
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What are the assessment of clien's stress and coping patterns?
- Nursing history
- Physical examination of the client for indicators of stress (nail biting, nervousness, weight changes)
- Stress-related health problems (hypertension, dyspnea)
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What are some of health promotion stragegies for Stress?
Exercise, Sleep, Time Management, and Nurtition.
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