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Neur Wk3-pain.txt
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Pain
subjective - may be sharp or dull, intermittent or constand or throbing or steady
acute pain
begins suddenly and usually does not last long
chronic pain
last for weeks or months
Threshold
inital level of pain
Tolerance
point an individual may require treatment
Physical pain
results from tissue famage
Psychogenic pain
results from mental, emotional , or hehavioral factors
Purpose and funciton of Pain
acts as a wraning indicating an abnormal state - alers hemoestasis
acts as an avoidance mechanism to prevent furthurer pain - hemostasis restored
Categories of pian
cutaneous pain
somatic pain
viceral pain
neuropahtic pain
referred pain
Nocicptor or pain receptor
maost abundany sensory receptor in skin
as many as 1300 nociceptors per square inch of skin
free neerver ending, not encapsulated
Pain gate control therory
nerve fibors involved
a bata (AB) fiber
Delta fiber
c-fiber
A beta fiber
large myelinated fiver
fast counction velocity
touch vibrations and hair deflection pain perception
delta fiber
large, myuelinated fiver
fast conduction velocity
pain and temperature
closes gate and diminish pain perceptions
c-fiber
small unmyelinated fiber
slowconduction velocity
aoin temperatuve and itch
opens gate and enchances pain perception
thalamus
funciton as a relay station and delegates pain activity
modulation of pain -natural relief or analegisia
brain produces endogenerous opiods or morphine-like substances
endorphins - blocks pain signals in brain stem
enkephalins - blocks pain signals in spinal cord
modulation of pain pharmacologial management of pain
salicylates -alleviates pain via PNS
NSAIDs - allevaite pain via th ePNS
narcotic agonists - alleviate pain via the CNS
alernatice pain therapies
MU receptors
analgesia via brain and spinal cord
Kappa receptors
analgesia via spinal cord
delta receptors
no analgesic effect
sigma receptors
analgesia via spinal cord
Three classes of opioid receptors
opiod recptor agonist - drug that activates opioid receptors
Mixed opioid receptor agonist-antagonist - drug that activates some opiod receptor subtypes or blocks other opioid receptor subtypes
-less potent than full receptor agaonisht
lower dependency potential than full receptor agonist
withdrawal symptons less than full receptor agonist
Opioid receptor antagonists - drug that blocks opioid receptors - used to treat opioid induced and repspratory and CNS depression
Uses of Pain??
analgesia/anesthesia
cough suppression
diarrhea
opioid dependance
Toxicity - pain
overdose
Coma
respiratory depression
hypotensiton
drug interactions for pain
additive CNS depression - alcohol, sedative-hypnotics, tricyclicn antidepressants, histamine receptor antagonists
Author
ambirc
ID
181691
Card Set
Neur Wk3-pain.txt
Description
Neur Wk3-pain
Updated
2012-11-05T02:26:40Z
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