Neur Wk3-eye.txt

• eye exam
• removal of for bodyy form eye -temp effects on blink reflex (lost) and corneal epithelium (dried) onset and duration of effects 1 to 15 mins
• protective patch to protect eye

treat eye infecitons

• mositen contact lenses and artificial eyses
• maintain epithelia surgace integrity
• alleviate discomfort from dry eyes

• Eye treatments - miotics
• lower introcoular pressure (IOP) in open angle glacoma

• paralysis of accommodations
• paralysisn of accommodation
• paralyzes eye muscles affecting their abilty to focus or accomomodate
• used in diagnositc procedures and eye surgery
• muscarinic receptor antagonists - produce both effects
• a-adrenergic recpetors agonists -produces only mydriasis

• leision on upper or lower eylid
• caused by local staphlococcus abscess
• treatment - warm compress or bacitracin ointment

• hardened interal lesion
• involves meibomian (oil) gland which prevents watery tear fluid from evaporating and absences of oil, dry to develop
• treatment - bacitracin plus polymixing B or sufacetamide

• infection and obstruction of the nasolacrimal apparatus for tear production and drainage
• -infections microorganism (bacteria, yeast)
• -smymptoms - swelling tenderness and pain
• -treatment-surgery and antibodies

• Inflamation of conjunctiva or superficial covering of the visible sclera (white of the eye) an inner lining of the eye
• -comprises 30% of all eye complaints
• -commonly called "pink eye"
• -symptoms - red swollen eyes with discharge and discomfort

• Viral - affects only onle eye causing excessive eye watering and a light discharge
• Bacterial - affect both eyes casue a heavy greenish discharge
• Allergic - affects both eyes casues itching redness and excessive tearing
• Giant paillary - affects boths eyes casuing contact lens intolerance, itching, heavy discharge, tearing, and red bumps on underside of the eyelids

• Leading cause of periphal vision loss or blindness
• two types - open-angle glacoma, closed-angle glacoman

• most common form of glacoma
• progress very slowly a life long condition
• gradual blockage of dranage channel casue intraocular pressure to build slowly
• leads to gradual loss ofperipheral (side) vision (also called tunnel vision)
• asymptomatic until vision loss occurs

• Total blockage of drainage channel with a sudden increase intraocular pressure
• Symptoms - Severe eye pain, rainbow halo around lights, blurred vision, headache, nausea/vomiting
• unless treated immediationly blindness will result (constitutes a medcial emergancy)

• Cholinomietics - increase outflow of aqueous humor
• a-adrenergic receptor agonists - reduce resistance to outflow of aqueous humor
• B-adrenergic receptors antagonists - reduce the amoutn of aquesous humor produced
• Miotics - carebonice anhydrase inhibitors - reduce the rate aqueous humor formation
• Miotics - Hyperomostics (closed -angle glacoma) - increase movement of fluid through membranes

• cut or scratch on the corenea from a variet of casues
• Painful because of sensitivity of the cornea

• teary, red eye
• blurred vision
• photphobia
• heanaches

flouresenein dye is appliled to eye to visualize scrathes on cornea under cobalt-blue filter light

• Anitibotics
• topical NSAIDs
• Oral analgesics

Inflamation of the uvear (layer of the eye providingin most of the blood supply to the retina

• blurred vision
• dark floating spots in the vision
• eye pain and redness
• photophbia

• anterior (most prevelant)
• intermediate
• postier
• panuveities

• infectious microorganisms,
• autoimmune disorders
• toxins
• neoplasms

• topical glucotricosteroids
• mydriatetics
• antibodies or antiviral medication
• sugery

• abnormal curvatures of the cornea causign out-of-focus vision
• May affect one or both eyes (myopia - nearsightness; hyperopia -farsightness)
• Difficult to see fine detail, either upclose or far away

• loss of accommodation that develops around 45 to 50 years of age
• vision of distant objects remains unchanged, but with age lens loses some ability to change its curvature to focus on near objects

• Clouding of the lens
• three types of cateracts corresponding to the 3 layes of the lens

affects center of the eye

affects the edges of the lens

affects the bact of the lens

• damages teh center of the retina called teh macula
• affects 10% of the elderly
• affects both eyes
• affects only central vision (neccessary for reading, driving, and facial recognition)
• peripheral vision unaffected
• two forms of Macular degeneration

• ( 70% of cases; blurred vison
• (objects look distorted and dim and colors look faded)

• Exudative or wet (hemorrhagic) macular degeneration
• most distructive
• characterised by swelling caused by leaky blood vessels in the back of the eye
• straight lines appear disorted and wavy
• small dark spot in the center of vision that gradually increased in size causing rapid loss of central vision

• affects 40% of type 1 Diabetsic
• vision abnormalities range from mild to major loss of eye sight
• leading cause of blindness in adults 20-65 years of age
• yearly eye examination including dilated pupils and ophthamoscopy
• in exudative cases, argon laser photocoagulation to treat potiential microvascular leakage

• rare, progressive retina degeneration causing blindness
• genetic diseases
• sysmptoms - weakness eye sigth starting in childhood, gradual loss of peripheral vision leading to tunnel visionl; Blindness