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A period of peace for the Roman Empire that began with the rule of Augustus in about 27 BC and lasted around 200 years
Pax Romana
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An armed conflict between groups within one country.
civil war
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A ruler who has absolute power.
dictator
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A high, arched structure built to carry water over long distances.
aqueduct
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A periodic count of all the people living in a country, city, or other region.
census
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A Roman athlete, usually a slave, criminal, or prisoner of war, who was forced to fight for the entertainment of the public.
gladiator
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Roman general who became the republic's dictator in 45 BC.
Julius Caesar
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Ruler of the Egyptian government in Alexandria who backed Caesar in the civil war he waged for 49-45 BC.
Cleopatra
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First Roman emperor; won the civil war following Julius Caesar's assassination and went on to unify the empier and establish the Pax Romana.
Augustus
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An ancient region and Roman province that included most of present-day France.
Gaul
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A large stadium in ancient Rome where athletic events took place.
Colosseum
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A large, domed temple built in ancient Rome to honor many gods and goddesses.
Pantheon
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An ancient city in southwestern Italy that was buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79.
Pompeii
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