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At what age are the dewclaws removed?
3-5 days old
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where are the sweat glands located on a dog?
skin applecrine nostrils footpads
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which four chambers make up the heart?
- left atrium right atrium
- left ventricle right ventricle
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list the four main veins for veinupuncture
femoral, cephalic, saphinvous, jugular
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list the four organs that nmake up the lympathic system
lymphnodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus
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what types of vessels are deepest?
arterys
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what vessels have bacl flow valves and why?
veins, to stop pooling of the blood due to gravitt
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the lyphnodes and glands are located in which five areas?
submandibular, pre-scapula, axillary, popliteal, inguinal
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list the main organs that make up the respiratory system
nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx,trachea, bronchi,lungs
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purring in cats is caused by what?
vibration of the blood vessels in the chest
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what is another name for the larynx?
voice box
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what is the immune sytems greatesr asset in fighting infection?
white blood cells, lymphocytes
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what is the medical word for windpipe?
trachea
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name the three parts of the thorax
right pleural cavity, left pleural cavity, mediastinum
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what is the cheif muscle for respiration
diaphragm
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eliminating urine?
mictrition
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primary organ of male reproductive system?
testes
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primary organ of female reproduction ssystem
ovaries
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at what age do most cats come into heat?
5.5-6 months of age
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what is the gestation period for cats and dogs?
63-65 days
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cats and dogs have how many adult teeth?
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cats can become pregnant at any time, why?
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they are stimulous ovulators
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which two systems make up the genitourinary system?
reproductive and urinary systems of both sex'es
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the diaphragm seperates which two body cavitys?
abdominal and thoratic cavitys
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many intact male dogs develope what dx?
prostate, testicle cancer
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function of the ovarie?
ovulation and secreation of estrogen
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if the nail is cut to far down you can cut the?
quick
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dogs have how many mls of circualting blood in there bodys?
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thin skin is found on whart areas of the dog nd cat?
perianus, inguinal, under armpits
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what is the main function of the pancreas/
create insulen to regulate blood sugar and carbohydrate intake
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what are the two main functions of the G.I system?
nutrient intake and solid waste elimination
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what is the outside of the eat called?
pinna
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list the five special sences
taste, smell, hearing, sight/vision, touch
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what is another term for nostrils,
nares
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list four glands of the endocrine system
pituitary, parathyroid, thyroid, pineal, ovaries, testes, pancreas
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what endocrine gland is also known as the orchestra leader?
pituitary gland
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numbe one endocrine disease in cats
hyperthyroidism
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3 main types of blood vessels
veins arteris and capillaries
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four main functions of the muscular system?
achieve movement , support and maintain posture, produce body heat, help form many internal organs such as heart, uterus, lungs intestines.
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what types of cells do muscles have?
long slender fibres, myocyte
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the capula is what type of bone
flat bone
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the inner ear is what type of bone
irregular bone
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what is flehming?
flehming is when the lip is curled upand extra scent is to the jacobsons organ on the roof of the mouth which traps odor and sends scent molecule to the brain
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what is arrector pili?
smooth muscles attatched to hairs on dorsum which errecr and contract when stimulated
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what are bursae?
sacs of connective tissue lined with a synovial membrane and synovial fluid (think bang elbow)
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which system provides vocalization?
respiratory
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kittens and puppies open eyes at what age?
10-14 days
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eardrum
tympanic membrane
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the skin is a receptor for what four secretions
touch, pain, heat/cold and pressure
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which glands secreate tears?
lacrimo glands
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what are the two functions of the ear
hearing and equillibrium
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what is the left side of the heart responsible for?
reoxygenating and delivering to the rest of the body
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list the three main functions of the urinary system
formation, transportation/storage, elimination of urine
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of which two layers are the skin composed?
dermis, epidermis
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list three types of connective tissue
reticular, loose, dense fibrous
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epihora
excess tears due to obstruction of the lacrimal gland
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how are bones of the skull united?
seams |(sutures)
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the nervous system is broken down into two parts
central CNS peripheral PNS
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the brain has aprox how many neurons
900 million
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enuculation
surgical removal of the eyeball
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salivary glands?
parotid, mandibular, sublingual, zygomatic
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list the four most common endocrine glands that become diseased
pancreas, thyroid gland, petuitary,ovaries, testes
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names the parts that make up the G.I system
mouth oral, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
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name the 10 body systems
- genitouinary
- reproductive
- resporatory
- urinary
- gastrointestinal
- endocrine
- lymphatic
- cardiovascular
- integumentary
- muscular
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three parts of the small intestine
duodnum, jejunum, ileum
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what are the five stages of estrus
- pro-estrus
- estrus
- met-estrus
- di-estrus
- an-estrus
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what gland produces calcitonin
thyroid
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what hormone affects the circadian rythms?
pineal gland, produces melatonin
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what is the function of the parathyroid gland?
regulate the calcium and phosphourous content in the blood and bones
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deglutition
act of swallowing
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genitourinary system consists of?
reproductive and gastrointestinal systems
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3 types of animal hair
primary, secondary, tactile
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list four functions of sebum
- lubricates skin/hair,
- slows bacterial growth,
- waterproofs coat,
- anal glands, and sweat for cooling
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5 ways heat can be lost from the body
- radiation
- conduction
- evaporation
- convection
- urination/defication
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what does the mediastinum contain?
heart thymus, esophagus, trachea, nerves, blood vessels, lymphtic vessels
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what are alveoli
spongelike porous cells
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epiglottis
lid like cartilage that closes and opens to protect lungs from inhaling food or liuquid
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the linnig of the thorax is called
parietal pleura
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what is the normal heart rate for a dog and cat?and where on the body do you place your stephoscope to hear it?
60/160 80/180 under the leg on the thigh or left side of chest
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what is the normal respiratioin rate for a cat and dog?
- 20-30 rpm feline
- 20-40 rpm canine
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what are the three main parts of the brain?
forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain
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what makes up the CNS?
brain and spinal cord
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what happens during flight or fight of the fight and flight response?
release of endorphins, blood shunts to certain areas of body, digestion ceased. rectum restracts, glucose is released from musles, eyes dilate
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what are the two sections of ANS?
sympthathetic and parasympathetic
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whats controls the fight or flight defence?
the adrenal gland/ epinephrine
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what is the bbb?
blood brain barrier, restricts entrance of certain nutritive and molecules into brain
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what makes up the PNS?
Nerves and gangia located outside of brain and spinal cord including cranial and spinal and automatic nerves
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what are the two main types of neurons and what do they do
- sensory(afferent ) messages to brain
- motor (efferent) messages from the brain
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what is the purpose of CSF
protects brain and spinal cord and provides some nurtients
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