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Authoritarianism Advantages
- Speed of decision making
- Efficient
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Democracy Advantages
- Listens to opposition viewpoints and critisism
- Majority Rules; consideration is given to minority opinion
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Authoritatianism Disadvantages
- Decision makers may be wrong
- Opponents arguments are not considered
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Democracy Disadvantages
- Slow process
- Sometimes minority is not given enough consideration
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Consenseus Advantage
- Everyone agrees with final decision
- many different point of views are taken in consideration
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Consensus Disadvantage
- Very slow process
- some issues are impossible to reach consensus
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Negotiation
Both parties discuss the issue and try to resolve the issue
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Mediation
A third party helps both parties arrive at a solution
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Arbitration
A third party is igven the power to decide the outcome
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Federal Government Responsibilties
- Foreign Trade
- Currency
- Defence
- Postal Services
- Criminal Law
- Immigration
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Provincial Government
- Marriage liscence
- Health and wellfare
- education
- hospitals
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Federal Government Responsibilties: How they pay?
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Provincial Government Responsibilties: How they pay?
- Income tax
- sale tax
- sin tax (tobacco)
- PST
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Who is Governor General?
David Johnston
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Who is Lieutenant Governor?
David Onley
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Who is Prime Minister?
Stephen Harper
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Who is the Premier
Dalton McGuinty
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Governor General
- Represents British Monarch
- Prime Minister selects candidate for Governor General
- signs all bills (royal assent)
- reads speech from Throne
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Lieutenant Governor
- appointed by Prime Minister
- signs bills to law
- read speech from Throne
- promoting province
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Prime Minister
- leader of the party with most elected representitives
- elected to the H of C
- appointed by Governor General
- answers questions in H of C
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Premier
- leads the executive branch of provincial government
- non- partisen council selects premier
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(def) Member of Parliament
- elected representives of the people
- sit in H of C
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Role of of Member of Parliament
- In Chamber
- - debate and vote on bills
- - represent their constituents' views
- - 15 hours a week
- In committee
- -look at bills in greater depth
- sit on at least two committees
- 6-40 hours a week
- Caucus
- -weekly meeting of all party members
- Establish party policy and set strategies to pass or block bills in H of C
- In Office
- -help constituents with questions
- answers calls and emails
- recieve visiting constituents
- prepare speeches for H of C and committees
- Return to riding as much as possible
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Territoral Legislative Assembly
- Each has a commisioner
- assembly acts as a provincial one would
- often follow aboriginal traditions like consesus decision making
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Local Governemy Council
- In city- mayor elected
- In rural - reeve elected
- They have elected councillors to help them run government
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Councillor
represnts a particula geographic area called wards
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Reeve
head of a rural municipal governement
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How a bill becomes a Law
- Cabinet- Thinks up bill
- House of Commons - First reading ( no debate or vote) > Second Reading ( debate and vote on bill ) > The committee Stage ( reviews the bill and suggests changes ) > Third Reading ( debate and vote on committee changes)
- Senate- Same as H of C > Governor General ( Royal Assent) signs bill into law
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How to vote?
- on election day at a polling station
- at an advanced poll before election day
- employers must give employees time to vote without losing pay
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Leader of Conservative Party
Stephen Harper
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Leader of Liberal Party
Bob Rae
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Leader of NDP Party
Thomas Muclair
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Bloc Quebecois Leader
Daniel Paille
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Green Party Leader
Elizabeth May
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Majority Government adv and dis
- 155 seats or more
- adv. Things can get done more quickly
- dis. can pass any legislation even without poular vote
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Minority Government adv. dis.
- 154 or less seats
- adv. all parties have power in H of C
- dis.important legislation can be delayed in H of C due to party politics - nothing gets done
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Youth Court: Criminal Investigation ( Step One)
12 -17 age
- Charge is carefully explained in a language understood
- can contact a guardian or parent in questioning
- Does not have to make a statement that might be used against him in court
- fingerprinted and photographed
- released in custody of parents
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Youth Court/ Adult Court: The Courts (Part Two)
- can be tried before a judge alone, or before a judge and jury
- on lawyer advice, chooses jury
- 12 jury must be approved by lawyer and Crown
- (same as Adult)
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Youth Court/ Adult Court: The Trial ( part three)
- Hearsay evidence not allowed ( what witnesses have heard other people say)
- not to comment on offenders past problems
- judge can rule evidence inadmissable
- cannot be forced to give evidence
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Youth Court: Verdict and Sentecing (part 4)
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Rights def
- something to which a person is morally or legally entitled
- government provides opportunities to exercise rights
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Responsibilities def
things for which on is accountable for
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S/A Trial Fairness: Jury selection
- lawyers from each side must agree on jurors selected
- jurors can't know anyone involved in trial
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S\A Trial Fairness: Evidence Rules
- Hearsay not allowed
- Past actions/ charcter not allowed
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S/A Trial Fairness: Illegally Obtained Evidence
Through search and seizure will be inadmissible
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S/A Trial Fairness: Appeal
ability to do so exists if trial was unfair
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Sentencing Goals
- Punishment: of the offender to a degree that the public understands the offence is serious
- Detterence: or discouraging the offender from repeating the offence
- Protection: of the public from dangerous people
- Rehabilitation: of the offender so that he or she can rejoin society as a law abiding, productive citizen
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Aboriginal Justice
- manage by aboriginal people within canadas criminal justice system
- respects and employs aboriginal traditions
- eg. healing circle, sentencing circle
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Civil Law
- deals with claims resulting from accidents, contracts, property ownership, family matters
- if decide to sue known as plaintiff
- party you are sueing is defendant
- plantiff file a plea and remedy
- defendant must reply with a statement
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Charter Freedom : Religion
- freedom to practise the faith of your choice
- ex. stopping christian prayer in public school
- eliminate retail store closed on Sunday
- Can limit religious freedom
- example Jehovah's witnesses refused permission for life saving medical treatment
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Charter Freedom: Thought and Expression
- Free to think whater you like with reasonable limits
- ex cigarette companies cannot advertise in canada
- speaking
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Charter Freedom: School Powers
- sensor a school newspaper or publication (sensorship)
- creating a dresscode
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Democratic Rights
the right to vote and hold public office
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Legal Rights
- treated fairly when dealing with justice system
- legal wwith search warrant, arrest, reasonable cause
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Equality Rights
- Sexual orientation
- every individual is equal without discrimination
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