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Organic Chemistry Lecture I Review
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What is a Conformational Isomer?
Conformationa
l: Different spacial orientation i.e.
Hexane. Newman Projections
Energetics of Conformational Isomers Lowest to Highest.
Anti-Staggered -- Gauche--Eclipsed--Fully Eclipsed
What is a Structural Isomer?
Structural
: Different Bond-Bond connectivity.
i.e. vic vs. gem-dihalide
What is difference between Relative and Absolute Configuration?
Relative
:
R
or
S
Determination between 2 Chiral Carbons
Absolute
:
R
or
S
Determination of one Chiral Center in Single Compound.
What is an Inversion of Relative Configuration?
Change in configuration about the Chiral Carbon when comparing to molecules.
ie.
R-->S or
S-->R
Product of SN2 Reaction
What is an Enantiomer?
Comparison of "
Mirror Image
" compounds that have the same chemical properties.
What is a Raceimic Mixture?
Mixture in which both "
Mirror Imag
e" components are present. No optical rotation present.
Product of an SN1 Reaction
What is a Diastereomer?
Trash Can Category
. Isomers that are not mirror images. Optically active!
What is the difference between
cis/trans
determinant and
Z/E
determinant? What Isomerism do these describ?
cis/trans:
Describes 2 substituents about a double bond found opposite and at same side respectively.
Z/E:
Determines the location of 3-4 substituents about a double bond with priority by molecular weight.
Diastereomers
What is an Epimer?
Epimer
: Diastereomeric comparison that has a difference about 1 chiral carbon.
i.e. α β "anomers" of Glucopyranosyl
What explains the higher boiling point of a
cis
isomer to a
trans
isomer?
Dipole moment
: of a cis isomer allows for attractive intermolecular forces.
The Net dipole moment is in the same direction as the substituents.
Author
jroxz
ID
18115
Card Set
Organic Chemistry Lecture I Review
Description
Full Organic Chemistry Review expanded as material is being learned.
Updated
2010-05-06T21:12:07Z
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