-
iliopsoas (true groin muscles)
- psoas major: O: transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
- I: lesser trochanter
- Iliacus: O: iliac fossa
- I: lesser trochanter
- A: hip flexion, external rotation, adduction
-
sartorius (biarticular, tailor's muscle)
- O: ASIS
- I: upper, medial part of tibia
- A: hip flexion, external rotation, abduction, knee flexion
-
Rectus femoris (biarticular)
- O: anterior head: AIIS
- posterior head: upper margin of acetabulum
- I: top of patella to the tibial tuberosity, by way of the patellar tendon
- A: hip flexion, knee extension
- The only quadricep muscle that crosses the hip
-
pectineus
- O: superior ramus of pubis
- I: lesser trochanter to linea asperia (pectineal line)
- A: adduction, flexion, external rotation
-
adductor brevis
- O: inferior ramus of pubis
- I: upper 1/3 medial linea aspera
- A: adduction, flexion, external rotation
-
adductor longus
- O: anterior bod of pubus
- I: medial 1/3 linea aspera
- A: adduction, flexion, external rotation
- superficial
-
adductor magnus
- O: inferior ramus of pubis, ischium
- I: linea aspera, adductor tubercle of femur
- A: adduction flexion, external rotation, extension, hyperextension, internal rotation
-
gracilis (biarticular)
- O: inferior ramus and body of pubis
- I: upper, anterior-medial surface of tibia
- A: adduction, hip flexion, knee flexion
-
femoral triangle
- inguinal ligament
- sartorius
- adductor longus
-
hamstring muscles
- biceps femoris
- semimembranosus
- semitendinosus
-
biceps femoris
- O: long head: ischial tuberosity
- short head: 1/2 down linea aspera
- I: fibular head, lateral condyle of tibia
- A: knee flexion, hip extension, hip hyperextension, hip external rotation, hip adduction
-
semimembranosus
- O: ischial tuberosity
- I: posterior part of the medial condyle of tibia
- A: knee flexion, hip extension, hip hyperextension, hip internal rotation, hip adduction
-
semitendinosus
- O: iscial tuberosity
- I: upper medial part of shaft of tibia
- A: knee flexion, hip extension, hip hyper, hip internal rotation, hip adduction
- superficial
-
gluteus maximus
- O: gluteal line of ilium, sacrum/ coccyx
- I: IT band
- A: hip extension, hyper, external rotation
- adduction
-
gluteus medius
- O: posterior surface of ilium
- I: greater trochanter
- A: abduction, flexion, internal rotation, extension, hyper, external rotation
- superficial
-
gluteus minimus
- O: lower part of posterior surface of ilium
- I: greater trochanter
- A: abduction, internal rotation, flexion
-
Tensor fasciae latae
- O: ASIS
- I: IT band
- A: abduction, hip flexion, internal rotation
-
External rotators
- O: ischium
- I: greater trochanter
- A: external rotation, stabilize femur
- piriformis
- obturator externus
- obturator internus
- gemellus superior
- gemellus inferior
- quadratus femoris
-
What do the hamstrings do and how are they injured?
- helps slow the leg down at the end of the walking/running swing phase
- occurs when trying to slow the tibia right before ground contact because that is when it is maximally stretched
-
gastrocnemius
- O: medial head: medial condyle of femur
- lateral head: lateral condyle of femur
- I: achilles tendon to calcaneus
- A: assists with knee flexion, plantar flexion
-
popliteus
- O: lateral condyle of femur
- I: upper posterior part of tibia
- A: knee flexion
-
plantaris
- O: lateral condyle of femur
- I: achilles tendon to calcaneus
- A: assists in knee flexion, plantar flexion
-
vastus intermedius
- O: anterior surface of femur
- I: top of patella to the tibial tuberosity by way of the patellar tendon
- A: knee extension
-
vastus medialis
- O: medial surface of femur, linea aspera
- I: top of patella to the tibial tuberosity by way of the patellar tendon
- A: knee extension
-
vastus lateralis
- O: lateral part of femur, greater trochanter, linea aspera
- I: top of patella to the tibial tuberosity by way of the patellar tendon
- A: knee extension
-
tibialis anterior
- O: lateral condyle, upper part of tibia shaft
- I: plantar part of 1st cuneiform and metatarsal
- A: dorsiflexion, inversion
-
extensor digitorum longus
- O: lateral condyle of tibia, upper part of fibula
- I: dorsal part of 2-5th toes
- A: extension, hyper of toes, dorsiflexion, eversion
-
extensor hallucis longus
- O: middle part of fibula
- I: big toe
- A: extension, hyper of big toe, dorsiflexion, inversion
-
peroneus tertius (peroneus=eversion)
- O: lower 1/3 of fibula
- I: dorsal surface of 5th metatarsal
- A: dorsiflexion, eversion
-
peroneus longus
- O: upper lateral 2/3 of fibula
- I: plantar surface of 1st cuneiform and metatarsal
- A: plantar flexion, eversion
-
peroneus brevis
- O: lower 2/3 of fibula
- I: lateral side 5th metatarsal
- A: plantar flexion, eversion
-
soleus
- O: upper part tibia and fibula
- I: achilles tendon to calcaneus
- A: plantar flexion
-
tibialis posterior
- O: lateral part of tibia, upper part of fibula
- I: plantar surface of navicular bone, cuboid, the cuneiforms, 2-4th metatarsals, and calcaneus
- A: plantar flexion, inversion
-
flexor digitorum longus
- O: medial-posterior part of tibia
- I: plantar surface of 2-5th toes
- A: tow flexion, flantar flexion, inversion
-
flexor hallucis longus
- O: lower 2/3 of fibula
- I: plantar surface of big toe
- A: big toe flexion, plantar flexion, inversion
-
toe muscles
- quadratus plantae: flex toes
- lumbricals: plantar surface toe flexors
- plantar and dorsal interossei: plantar adducts, dorsal abducts
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