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How did early christianity transition in regards to geography?
- Success came mostly outside of Palestine
- Jerusalem ceased to be the central church (70 AD)
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How did early christianity transition in regards to sociology?
From a mostly rural to a mostly urban movement
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How did early christianity transition in regards to language?
From Aramaic to Greek
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How did early christianity transition in regards to culture?
From Jewish to Greco-Roman
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What were some early Christian symbols?
- Anchor: hope in Christ is “an anchor of the soul (Heb 6:19)
- Fish (Gr. Ichthus) Iesous Christos Theopu (of God) Uioi (Son) Soter (Savior)
- Chi-rho (Gr. CHRistos)
- The cross wasn’t widely used until the 4th century
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What were 3 challenges in the early church?
- Persecution from Romans and Jews
- No reference text on which to base Christian teaching
- Disagreements among the early Christian leaders
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During first few decades of the church, a convert had to become ______ to become a Christian
a jew
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Who changed church from a Jewish-Christian church to a gentile church?
Paul
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Who said the following:
When James the Righteous had suffered martyrdom like the lord and for some the same reason, Symeon the son of his uncle Clopas was appointed bishop. He being a cousin of the Lord, it was the universal demand that he should be second.
Eusebius
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Who said:
But when the sacred band of the apostles had in various ways reached the end of their life . . . then godless error began to take shape, through the deceit of false teachers, who now that none of the apostles was left threw off the mask and attempted to counter the preaching of the truth by preaching the knowledge falsely so called.
Eusebius
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Who said:
In their eagerness to find, not a way to reject the depravity of the Jewish Scriptures, but a means of explaining it away, they resorted to interpretations which cannot be reconciled or harmonized with those scriptures.
Eusebius
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Who said:
In his [Origen’s] life he behaved like a Christian, defying the [Jewish] law: in his metaphysical and theological ideas he played the Greek, giving a Greek twist to foreign tales. He associated himself at all times with Plato . . . which taught him the allegorical method of interpreting the Greek mysteries, a method he applied to the Jewish Scriptures.
Eusebius
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Religious group:
Secret knowledge only known by a few
Associated with creation story
Supported by the apocryphal books
Two aspects of God (loving vs. harsh)
Matter is the source of all evil
Two groups- intellectuals and occult/magic
Labeled a cult
Influence almost split the church
Gnostics
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Religious group:
Christ was created by the father
Christ and the Father were two separate beings
Christ was corporeal on earth but gave up his body when he became a God (after resurrection)
Very popular belief in Egypt and among the Germans
Persecuted strongly (heretics)
Arianism
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Church Fathers in 1st two generations after the Apostles
Provided sketchy information
Apostolic fathers
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Christian writers up to AD 500
Wrote apologies (defences)
Denounced “heresies”
Shaped “orthodoxy” (Gr. “right belief”)
Church Fathers
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Who convened the council of nicea?
Constantine
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What did Athansius believe about Christ?
Christ was uncreated and the same substance(homoousia) as God
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What did Arius believe about Christ?
Christ was created and of similar substance (homoiousia) as God
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