Rec 1310

• offers conditions for optimizing development and self actulatization
• freedom for self expression
• selt-determined behavior

sensorimotor learning and caregiving bonding

• -fastest growing
• -ego centricism
• -moving towards object permanance
• -practice play
• -language development
• -autonomny vs. doubt

• -object permanance= peek aboo(your not actually gone just hands in front of face)
• - throws overhand
• -SWIM LESSONS
• ....drowning #1 cause of unintentional deaths

• cooperation
• competition
• games with rules
• jump ropes
• cuts with precision

• social comparison affects participation
• activities away from home
• industry/competence vs. inferiority/self doubt

failure associated with incompetence and leads to quitting.

between  8-13. 72% of children stop sport participation

• 6-8 being a good friend
• 12-14 wearing the right clothes

• Unoccupied
• solitary
• onlooker
• parallell
• associative
• cooperative
• competeive

playing alone

autostimulatory

watching others from a distance

same or different activity, non sharing of objects

sharing objects but not engaged with each other

sharing towards the same goal

cooperating to win

• (1)safety
• (2)criticism
• (3)overprotective adults
• (4)over/under stimulation
• (5)pressure to win
• (6)globalization of errors
• (7)poor organization- too structured.
•                    play vs. recration

• -supportive and encouraging
• -reward effot
• -encouraage fun
• -connection beyond participation, books, clubs, spectator
• -balance of novel and stable stimuli
• -predictable and repetivie
• -invites engagement and exploration

• means GROWING UP
• -period of transition from childhood to adulthood
• -age 12-22
• - THE PERIOD OF IDENTITY FORMATION

• -peers are highly influential
• -integration into group
• -shared values, attire, and language.

• -body image
• -being different from parents but not different from peers
• -steriotypical gender roles

• -poverty
• -transportation
• -abuse/neglect
• -crime
• -educational level of parents
• -peer pressure

• -substance use
• -sexual activity
• -truancy/dropout
• -eating disorders
• -skill

• -develop individual competence
• -develop bond with at least one adult
• -socialize
• -plan activities
• -solve problems

-provide adolescents social space

• -autonomy
• -peer interaction
• -experimentation
• -test limits

balancing novel and stable activites

balance individuation and social resaonabilitiy

• -role determined leisure:
• family
• work
• civic

• -selecting a mate
• -learning to live with a partner
• -starting a family
• -starting an occupation
• -taking civic responsibility
• -finding a social group
• -making community connections

• teach morals
• increase awareness of world
• health and fitness
• bonding

• family cohesion
• spousal relationships
• parent child relationship

when the family smokes the whole time

• Adjusting to changing household makeup:
•                     (empty nest)(interaction with mate)
• achieving adult social responsiblity
• career achievement
• physiological changes
• aging parents

-heterogeneous population, not homogenour.

• -the older people get, the less alike they are
•     diversity is an essential feature in considering a population of older adults
• -Chronological age tells little about health of function
• -Aging is a marker for diversity, not disease.

• -disability
• -isolation
• -dependency

• -physical and mental wellness
• invovlement with others
• independent living
• productivity
• connection with the larger community

37% noninstitutionalized over 65% perceive health as excellent or very good

constant between sexts.

VISION

HEARING

• -decreased capactiy for cell growth
• -decreate in joint function, range of motion (ROM)
• -decrease in bone strength & mass begins 25.
• -decrease in muscle strength and mass from 30

USE IT Or LOSE IT

• -declines in vital and reserve capacity of lungs
• -increased susceptibility to pulmonary distress
• -heart weakens
• -vessels narrow, thickens and are less pliable

• fastest growing segment
• 50% cognitive impairment
• 18.2 live in institutions. make up 50% of nursing homes

• 1% of population
• 3% aby boomers expected to reach
• 30% no memory problems

80% of older adults still perform activities of dialy living without assistance from others.

• -past experience                       -fear
• -sex                                          -transportation
• -ethnicity                                  -scheduling
• -social support                          -companionship
• -health                                      -values
• -education                   -role loss
• -lack of knowledge of resources.opportunity
• -economic status

• -plan with not for older adults
• -dont assume age-sedentary activities
• -consider demographic trends
•            working elderly
•            increasing minorities
•            baby boomers
• provide variety

• (l)Intervenebetween the desire to participate and behavior
• (2)person would like to dosomething but can’t for some reason like money, architecture, geographyl
• (3)Mechanical time

_things that get in the way like time, transportation, geographic, equipment

-lack of resources

• lFactors that affect a person’s
• preference for or interest in an activity

• lA personal condition that
• keeps a person from preferring an activity

lLack of exposure

lSelf-doubt

lAttitudes about leisure/work

lDiscrimination

• WITHIN A PERSON
• -im to gat to go to a work out
• -gender- girl scouts- he feels wrong
• -hurt kneww-cant participate

• someone keeping you from doing it
• -mens club>> women cant participate
• -gender>told he cant join girl scouts

• -People
• intervene between a preference and behavior

-Social roles

-Family obligations

• -Cultural
• routines/patterns/beliefs

• Leisure can
• be constrained pre-interest development or between interest and behavior

make peron with disabilities become more indepent.

-acute-short term

cluster of people

-a significant custering of people who have a common bond.

• residents in a  neighborhood
• empoyees of a company
• those who live and work on army base

taxes went up, justify the benefits

recession

• indiviual
• community
• economic
• environment

helped agencies focus less on the activites offered and more on the experiences that people have,

• person
• social
• economic
• environmental

• -quantifiable items
• -providing pleasurable and constructive leisure opportunies,
• -provision of services to residents of all ages,backgrounds and classes.

• [rates on livablitity: safety,education, health care, and politcal and economic environments]
• -available social opportunites, cultural activies, special events, parks, trails, lakes, restaurants, streetscaping, and facilities.
• -swimming pools, community centers

• -nearby college,
• -festivals,
• cultural and entertainment
• -vineyards.
• -tourism.

contribution to physical, social, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual development

promotion of family cohesion and well being.

• improving physical fitness or social adjustment,
• -positive self concepts
• -explore and confirm personal values

-GIRL SCOUTS OF AMERICA-grow up in a positive and healthy way.

• improve phitical environment
• provide a network of parks and open spaces
• redesign and rehbilitate run down urban areas
• foster positive environmental attitudes and policies

local govts, the recreational fuction is closely linked to the management of parks.

recreation through cities waterfronts.

redeveloping land.

ex:downtown detroit.

LEED- requires buildings to be constructed and operated according to the standars and environmentally sustainable.

• provide challenging programs that offer constructive alternatives.
• programs should be goal oriented with youth development purposes
• ex.) risk youth.

• prevent or redce juvenille delinquency..
• playgrounds, community centers.

children are lookgin for excitement and risk.

tendency to be viewed as only minority youth, innercity, and low-income.

is the effots made to "create organizations and communities that enable youth to move along the pathway to adulthood by supploying the support and opportunites necessary to develop beyong dimple problem prevention.

makes programs give purpose and goal in mind.

Model: Search Institutes 40 development assets for adolescents- healthy caring and responsible young adult.

young person spends 3 or more hours per week in lessons or practive music, theatre, or other arts

young person spends 3 or more hours per week in sports, clubs or organizations at school and/or in community organizations.

young person is out with friends "with nothing special to do" two or fewer nights per week.

after school proframs.

• improve relations among racial, ethnic, and religious backgrounds.
• -improve relations between different generational groups
• -share recreational and cultural experiences.

invite, include and involve.

special events

intergroup hositility= meetings, staff training programs, workshops.

• involve in volunteer or service programs
• enhancement of civic pride and morale
• social and human capital

volunteer projects.

• serving those with mental or physical disabilities.
• provide therapeutic recreation services through treatement and or community programs.

-ex.) therapy recreation,american disability act, IRAQ

is the tool and training that can enhance an individual or collective productivity.

-ex.) when people give their time and talen to the work force or the community

is defined as "connections among individuals" social networks and the notms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them.

schools, employment, and neighborhoods.

• acting as a catalyst for business development
• source of community or regional income and employment
• keeping neighborhoods a desirable place to live and do business

• -tazes.
• centers of entertainment.
• economic input= the measure of the amount of new dollars infused into the community by the agency

direct vs. indiract..

direct- economic impact- is the amount of money that is directly generated by the event such as staff salaries concessions progra feews, construction cost and operating expenditures.

indirect- money spent that results from the program or the event

• promote fine and performing arts and special events.
• supporting historic sites folk heritage customs and community arts.

art does not only benefit the rich.

art directly relates to the social needs.

• -promote community and safety
• -provide leadership training and certification courses.
• -provide supervision or regulation of high-risk activity

-fee

classes like boaters safety, swim lessons, hunter safety.

fuction 1: quality of life

function 2:personal development

function 3: environment attractiveness

function 4: positive opportunites for youth development

function 5: improving intergroup and intergenerational relations

function 6: strengthening community ties.

function 7: needs of special population

function 8:maintaining economic health

function 9: enriching cultural life

function 10: promoting health and safety.

• (1) furst type of agency to be formally recognized as responsible for serving the publics rec needs, constitutes the core of recreation movement
• (2)the primary means of support for most government recreation and park agencies traditionally  has been tax funded, now other revenues are enforced
• (3) govt agencies have major responsibilities for the management of natural resources
• (4) they are obligated to serve the public at large with socially useful or constructive programs because of their tax-supported status.

• (1)responsibility
• (2)financial support through taxes
• (3) natural resources
• (4)socially useful and constructive programs

• (1)direct mgt of outdoor recreation resources
• (2)conservation and resource reclamation
• (3)assistance to open space and park development programs
• (4)direct programs of recreation participation
• (5)advisory and financial assistance

National park service, national forest service, burea of land management, owns and operated a vast network of parks, lakes, and other facilities used extensively for outdoor recreation

closetly relating to the preceding function is the govts role in reclaiming natural resources that have been destroyed, damaged or threatened and in promotoing programs related to conseration, wildlife, and antipollution control.

chiefly with funding authorized under the 1965 land and water fund conservation act, the federal govt has provided billions of dollars in matching grants to states and localities to promote open-space development. also through direct aid to municipalities carrying out housing and urban development projects, the federal governments subsidized the development of local parks, playgrounds and centers.

the federal governments operates a number of direct programs of recreation service in Veterans Administration hospitals and other federal instituions and in the armed forces on permanent and temporary bases throughout the world.

the gederal govt provides varied forms of assistance to states, localities and other public or voluntary community agencies. community proframs serving economically and socially disadvantaged populations have been assisted by the Department of health and human services housing and urban development labor and others.

the federal govt has been active in promoting tourism, providing aid to rural residents in developing recreation enterprises, and assisting native american tribes in establish recreational. bureau of the censes and the coast guard also provide needed information for those interest in trabel and boating past times.

fed govt. outdoor recreation to needs of current status of urban recreation

fed govt. has developed regulatory policies with respect to pollution control, watershed production and environmental quality.

• (1)aid to professional education
• (2)promotion of recreation as an economic function-tourism
• (3)research and technical assistance
• (4) regulation and standards= safety envinoment protection, architect.

• since 1916.
• -primary preservation agency
•      -beginning with yellowstone in 1872
•            -growing 79 million acres plus
•                -more than 385 areas
• -the challenge is to balance preservation, public use, and political mandates.
• -national parks, trails

• primary conservation agency.
• largest "recreation" and "wilderness" system steward.

mining, grazing, lumbering, recreation and hunting are all permitted in the national forest.

threats:fire, invasive species, loss of open space,,unmanged recreation.

• -primarily a wested based land manager.
• -mutliple-use agency
• -recreation is a major responsiblity.
• -national wilderness areas and other types of recreation areas
•    --such as nevadas red rock national conservation area.

• *27 million land
• -they have rivers because they run through the land.

(monument, wilderness, wild and scenic river, trails.

yeild $800 milliion dollars that is returned to state and local govts.

-irrigation and electric power

• water resource development
• western Us
• Multi-use agency
• Recreation use an important component

• fish and wildlife service, nureau of reclamationYCC. youth conservation corps, which has habilitated or built campgrounds and boating facilities at recreation areas through out the west.

• Primarily responsibilities focuses on improvement and maintenance of rivers and other waterways for
•                   ....navigation and flood control.

• Manages most facilities, with some under lease to state and local govt.
• -Damns and Canyon Lake

• Federal Agency
• Senior Training
• -administation on aging
• -childrens burea
• -Public health service

• urban renewal programs
• planning and public housing.
• -taking an area and putting
• meeting social neets
• putting parks up.

• fed gives greatns to the arts
• -strong support for the local arts.
• -$155 million budget

(10th Amendment)

• State parks most recognizable
• -over 730 million visitors
• largest outdoor recreation visitation source
• administer multiple areas
•             parks, rec areas, natural areas, historical areas, trails.

• addressing environmental issues, urban planning, recreation resource development
• art council
• state fairs
• therapeutic recreation services.
• -promotion of professional advancement
• - standards development and administration

primary responsiblity is for the day to day activites of meeting leisure needs of community.

• organiations occure in many forms.
• -county parks
• -park districts
• -municipal parks and recreation departments

is closest to the people.

anything not vested in the fed belongs to the state.

• police departments
• welfare departments
• youth boards
• health and hospital agencies.
• public housing departments
• cultural departments
• -school systems and local community colleges

• inturmerials.
• the is no single type of organzational structure
• some agencies only do recreation
• some do parks and recreation
• some may have libraries sports arenas convention centers, auditoriums

games sports, aquatics, arts and crafts, special services. social programs, hobby groups.

Austin nature center.

• sponsorship of large scale special events
• -festicals
• holiday celebrating
• art and hobby shows
• sports tournmants

• frequent programming for fitness and sport
• often partner with other organizations
• in the forefront of health life-style movement

• may include counseling for youth and family
• tutoring workshops-after school programs
• substance abuse programs

• Government support has fallen behind the demand for recreation.
• charging fees has become an accepted method of icnreasing budget.
• fee collection may endanger participation by disadvntages.
•           -scholarships programs common to assist in ensuring all can participate.

• major cities have become creative  in their provision of services
• chicago created millinium park as a joint public and private venture
• new york city partners with hundred of organizations to  extend public park and recreation areas and programs.

Fed

morale welfare and recreation

high energy place

Better opportunity single soldier

• Assessment
• Planning
• Implementation
• Evaluation