Midterm 2 HIstory

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Indus River
- focus of civilization.
- indian subcontinent
- dravidians
Dravidians

people living in the villages surrounding the indus river valley
Mohenjo-Daro

Harappan Civilization city
Citadel

public buildings on raised areas with walls
Great Bath

ritual bathing of a select group (nobles)
Harappan Seals
- there writing was on these
- cannot be read
Aryans

Indo-European group that took over the Harappan Civilization
Caste System

a racial system used by the Aryans
Jatis

Subgroups of the caste system
Hinduism
- oldest world religion
- polytheistic
- Vedic Age
Vedic Age
- time when religion is being formalized
- changes
- Early and Late Pd
Vedas
- Hindu Sacred texts
- early pd
- instructions for the rituals used by priests
Indra
- Early pd
- important god of war and rain
Upanishads
- later pd
- hindu sacred texts
- reflections
- everyones use
Vishnu
- Later pd
- hindu important god
- preserver and protector god
- compliments Siva
Siva
- later pd
- hindu important god of destruction
- compliments Vishnu
Krishna
- Later pd
- hindu important god
- human form of Vishnu
- blue/black skin
Brahman
- universal soul
- Hindu
Asceticism

meditation involving self-denial (no eating) and self-mutilation
Moksha

soul reuniting with Brahman
Dharma

rules of ones caste
Karma

consequences
Samsara

souls are reincarnated
yellow river
- china
- center of activity
- devastating floods
Yangshao Society
- near/on Yellow River
- china
Banpo

village of yangshao society
Yu the Great
- king yu
- first to be able to control the yellow river
- xia dynasty
Erlitou
- china
- site with a palace
Yin

Shang Capital
ancestor veneration
- long lasting tradition
- still used today
- give offerings/respect so they will help you
Divination

practice of trying to predict the future
oracle bones
- bones used to ask questions and receive answers about the future
- Shamans used them
mandate of heaven
- the universe only allowed the right people to rule
- king= "son of heaven"
Yucatan Peninsula

mesoamerica
Olmec Society

oldest mesoamerican society
Tikal
- Maya
- Powerful city ruling over many areas around them
Maya Ball Game
- commemorate events
- sacrificial games
Stelae

most hieroglyphs found on these
Andes Mountains
- tall mountains
- deep valleys
- south america
Chavin de Huantar
- ceremonial center
- The Chavin Cult
Sipan burials
- warriors
- very rich
- showed the high status of warriors
- Mochica Civilization
Nazca lines

pebbles/dirt left in ground to leave pics and shapes
Lapita people
- New Guinea
- Austronesians
- Lapita pottery
Cyrus
- Cyrus The Great
- Persian emperor of the Achaemenid Empire
- respect and mercy to people
- demanded obedience and loyalty
Darius
- demands obedience and loyalty
- toleration and respect
- Achaemenid Empire
Persepolis

Darius Captial
Satrapies
- administrative district
- each had their own govenor
Zoroastrianism
- Darius embraced this religion
- founded by Zarathustra
- Darius did not force his people to convert to this
Ahura Mazda
- main god of Zoroastrianism
- god of good who battled an evil spirit
- he would win and the people would face judgement on morality
Buddhism
- india religion
- founded by Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama
- (The Buddha)
- founded Buddhism
- kings son who was protected from all suffering
- king wanted him to be a great leader instead of the teacher he became
The Buddha
- "Enlightened One"
- found all concerns of this world to be illusions
Nirvana
- breaking the cycle of reincarnation
- good thing
- "a blissful nothingness"
Ahimsa

practice of non-violence
Stupas

Buddhism relic shrines
Theravada
- form of Buddhism
- buddha was a man
- strict rules
Mahayana
- form of buddhism
- Buddha is a god in heaven
- had Boddhisatvas (saints)
- allowed generous gifts
- "The Greater Vehicle"
Chandragupta Maurya
- Mauryan Empire
- India
- dominance and tight control
Pataliputra
- Chandraguptas capital
- very large
Ashoka
- Chandraguptas grandson
- supported buddhism
- religious toleration
Battle of Kalinga
- Ashoka expressed remorse after and changed the way he ruled
- led to him converting to buddhism
Rock and Pillar Edicts
- Statements/Teachings
- Buddhism
- A way that Ashoka supported Buddhism
Confucius
- confucianism philosophy
- govern with compassion
- came out of the Period of Warring States
- China
Junzi
- Confucianism
- educated and moral officials
Laozi
- came up with Daoism philosophy
- critical of Confucianism
- wrote the Daode Jing
Daode Jing
- written by Laozi
- Daoism Book
Legalism
- Han Feizi
- increases the strength of the state (cultivators/soldiers should be the only jobs)
- all people are evil by nature
- harsh laws and brutal punishments
Qin Shi Huangdi
- Qin Dynasty ruler
- dominance and tight control
Xianyang

Capital of Qin Dynasty
Xiongnu
- invasion
- led to the construction of Great Wall of China
- Qin Dynasty
Han Wudi
- Ruler of the Han Dynasty
- most successful leader
Dunhuang

colonies that were ruled by the Han Dynasty which was a different ethnic group than the Hans
Minoan Society
- Civilization in greece
- located on Crete island (biggest island)
Knossos

palace of Minoan Society
Mycenaean Society
- ended the Minoan Society
- Indo-Europeans
- greek language
Dark Ages
- Chaos and war
- population decline
- people left cities
- trade stopped
- no writing
Polis

Greeks word for city-states
Olympic Games
- religious public festival
- honor gods by winning
- played naked
Hoplites

greek army
Sparta
- Polis
- controlled their neighbors (basically enslaved them)
- military state
- boys were trained young and men couldnt retire from army until the age of 60

Author

Anonymous

179879

Card Set

Midterm 2 HIstory

Description

World Civ 1

Updated

2012-10-25T18:20:29Z

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