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Tonometry

  1. What is tonometry?
    the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP)
  2. What is the purpose of tonometry?
    use to diagnose glaucoma (increased IOP)
  3. Where is aqueous humor produced?
    by the ciliary body and flows through the pupil
  4. Aqueous humor drains from the eye through the _____.
    iridocorneal angle
  5. What is the iridocorneal angle?
    a sieve-like network located at the junction of the cornea and the iris
  6. Normally, aqueous humor is produced and drained from the eye at approximately the same rate.  What is this called?
    stable internal eye pressure
  7. What is glaucoma?
    increased intraocular pressure
  8. What causes glaucoma?
    inadequate outflow of aqueous humor - pressure builds up inside the eye
  9. What can glaucoma result in?
    • pain
    • optic nerve damage
    • blindness
  10. What is primary glaucoma?
    no other inciting cause - may be inherited
  11. What are the two types of primary glaucoma?
    • open-angle glaucoma
    • narrow angle glaucoma
  12. What is secondary glaucoma?
    another inciting cause is present
  13. What could be the potential causes of secondary glaucoma?
    • uveitis
    • dislocated lens
    • intraocular tumors
    • eye injuries
    • diabetes mellitus
  14. How does diabetes mellitus cause secondary glaucoma?
    cataracts - leaks protein and causes uveitis or neovascularization blocking drainage angle
  15. What are the three ways to diagnose glaucoma?
    • clinical signs
    • gonioscopy
    • tonometry
  16. What are the clinical signs of glaucoma?
    • excessive tearing
    • ocular discharge
    • reddened eye
    • blue cornea
    • dilated pupil unresponsive to light
    • pet may sleep or hide alot or become irritable
    • later stages - enlarged eye
  17. What is gonioscopy?
    technique used to evaluate the drainage angle between the iris and cornea
  18. How do we do gonioscopy?
    • placing a goniolens (dome-shaped contact lens) on the eye
    • allows direct visualization of the drainage angle
  19. What are the two types of tonometry?
    • Schiotz tonometry
    • applanation tonometry
  20. Should we squeeze the animal around the neck in restraint when doing tonometry?  Why or why not?
    no, this will increase ocular pressure
  21. How do we do Schiotz tonometry?
    • animal must be positioned either sitting with nose pointing directly upward or on its back
    • tonometer must be held vertically
  22. What is used to do applanation tonometry?
    Tono-Pen Vet Tonometer
  23. How do we do applanation tonometry?
    press the tip of the tonometer against the flattening of the cornea until it beeps
  24. What are the advantages to applanation tonometry?
    • portable, easy to use with minimal training
    • functions in any orientation
  25. What are the therapies for glaucoma?
    • medical
    • surgical
    • if blindness is irreversible, then we should just relieve the pain and try to maintain the cosmetic appearance of the eye
Author
kris10leejmu
ID
179500
Card Set
Tonometry
Description
Clinical Practice ll
Updated

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