WEST CIV EXAM

French radical revolutionaries

Swiss protestant

Reached the tip of Africa en route to India

Reached India by sailing around Africa

Led slave revolt on island of Santo Domingo

English civil war leader of the Puritans

Radical leader of the Jacobins

Beat Napoleon in his final battle

Emperor of France, created constitution, First Consul

year when Copernicus published his work on heliocentricity

years of the English civil war

years of the Enlightenment

years of the French Revolution

age of Napoleon

Split in the Catholic church.  

Father of Reformation; German monk, professor of philosophy and religion
95 theses

believed humanity is divided into 2 groups;
Elect and the damned
predestined before birth

questioned and defied traditional beliefs of man-centered universe

non-religious

Period when leading thinkers wanted to use reason to test the laws of society. Critical Thinking
1749-1814

using observation, experimentation and testing to draw conclusions about the natural world

drawing conclusions based on self-evident fact

experience, especially of the senses, is the only source of knowledge

the theory that the earth revolves around the sun
Copernicus

monarchs get their power from God

body of non-elective government officials

Napoleonic battle where Russian forces retreated drawing Napoleons army deeper and using more supplies.  130,000 men lost for Napoleon

leader makes himself the center of everything

power rests in one person completely

power is shared between a ruler and an elected parliament

English Civil War loyalists to the king

English Civil War enforcers for Parliament - Puritans

Parliament lays down rules and accomodates a healthy parliamentary system
1688

implemented by William and Mary of Orange, during Glorious Revolution

journey between Africa and the New World, for slaves

a 3 leg trade route for slavery

people give up their freedom and govt agrees to protect their natural rights

believe it is unknowable whether God exists

Where Napoleon was defeated by the British generals, Lords Nelson and Wellington

believe that God created the universe, but does not take an active roll in the day to day

writers and thinkers during the Enlightenment

the middle class

French Parliament that didn't meet for 175 years

prison stormed and torn down

The Guillotine

revolt in the French Revolution against the Reign of The Terror

Napoleon organizes and codifies all local laws in France
Still used today

Polish Astronomer who offered the thesis that the earth rotated on its axis once in 24 hours and heliocentricity

Italian mathematician, perfected the telescope, supported Copernican Theory, forced by Church to deny his writings

Englishman who published Principia Mathematica, in which he described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion

years of the American Revolution

championed the use of the Scientific Method, which uses inductive reasoning

French rationalist who used deductive reasoning.  best know for I think, therefore I exist.

The sun king, divine right of kings, cult of personality

King of England, didn't call Parliament for 11 years, raises an army against the Scots, surrenders and is beheaded

Dutch rulers invited by Parliament to take the throne of England
Glorious Revolution

Life is nasty, brutish and short
Man needs to be controlled
Human nature is dark
Governments provide order from chaos

Social Contract Theory
governments get their power from the consent of the governed
all human beings have natural rights
life, liberty, property

Father of modern Capitalism
individuals acting in their own self interest will also serve society's best interest

German philosopher, father of modern philosophy
Sapere aude (dare to know)
Idealism - look at the world and people as they should be and make decisions accordingly

applied Locke's Social Contract Theory when writing the Declaration of Independence

French absolutist