substance related disorders

A cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms indicating that the individual continues use of the substance despite significant substance-related problems.

Promoted by the phenomenon of tolerance: the need for increasingly larger or more frequent doses of a substance in order to obtain the desired effects originally produced by a lower dose.

There is an overwhelming desire to repeat the use of a particular drug to produce pleasure or avoid discomfort.

dvlpt of a substance-specific maladaptive behavioral change, with physiological and cognitive concomitants, that is due to the cessatio of or reduction in, heavy and prolonged substance us.

Usually associated with dependence