CNA Chapter 15 Vocabulary

the study of body structure

the study of all life forms

groups of organs that perform specific functions in the human body

the physical process of releasing or emptying the colon or large intestines of solid waste, called stool or feces

the basic structural unit of all organisms

semi-liquid substance made as a result of the chemical breakdown of food in the stomach

the large intestine

surgically-created opening through the abdominal wall into the large intestine to allow feces to be expelled

the inabbility to eliminate stool, or the infrequent, difficult and often painful elimination of a hard, dry stool

a disease that causes the wall of the intestines (large or small) to become inflamed (red, sore, & swollen)

the process of eliminating feces from the rectum through the anus

frequent elimination of liquid or semi-liquid feces

the process of breaking down food so that it can be absorbed into the cells

innflammation of sacs that develop in the wall of the large intestine due to diverticulosis

a disorder in which sac-like pouching develop in weakened areas of the wall of the large inntestine (colon)

the first part of the small intestine, where the common bile duct enters the small intestine

chemical substances that are essential to maintaining fluid balance and homeostasis in the body

the process of expelling wastes

a specific amount of water, with or without an additive, introduced into the colon to eliminate stool

a mass of dry, hard stool that remains packed in the rectum and cannot be expelled

solid body waste excreted through the anus from the large intestines; also called stool

air in the intestine that is passed through the rectum; also called gas or flatus

a bedpan that is flatter than a regular bedpan; used for small or thin people or those who cannot lift their buttocks onto a standard bedpan

chronic condition in which the liquid contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus

a continuous tube from the opening of the mouth all the way to the anus, where solid wastes are eliminated from the body

a condition the results from the weakening of the sphincter muscle which joins the esophagus and the stomach; also known as acid reflux

enlarged veins in the rectum that can cause itching, burning, pain, & bleeding

the condition in which all of the body's systems are balanced and are working at their best

surgically-created opening into the end of the small intestine, the ileum, to allow feces to be expelled

the process of taking food or fluids into the body

a chronic condition of the gastrointestinal tract that is worsened by stress

a condition in which the body cannot absorb or digest a particular nutrient properly

hidden

a structural unit in the human body that performs a specific function

surgical creation of an opening from an area inside the body to the outside

the study of the disorders that occur in the body

muscular contractions that push food through the gastrointestinal tract

the study of how body parts function

 a chair with a toilet seat and a removeable container underneath; used for elimination; also called a bedside commode

a sample, such as tissue, blood, urine, stool, or spuctum, used for analysis and diagnosis

an artificial opening in the body

a medication given rectally to cause a bowel movement

a group of cells that performs similar tasks

a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestines

a type of urostomy in which a surgical creation of an opening from the ureter through the abdomen is made for urine to be eliminated

the general term used for any surgical procedure that diverts the passage of urine by redirecting the ureters