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Absorbtion
the digestive process in which digestive juices and enzymes break down food into materials the body can use
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Anatomy
the study of body structure
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Biology
the study of all life forms
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Body Systems
groups of organs that perform specific functions in the human body
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Bowel Elimination
the physical process of releasing or emptying the colon or large intestines of solid waste, called stool or feces
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Cells
the basic structural unit of all organisms
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Chyme
semi-liquid substance made as a result of the chemical breakdown of food in the stomach
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Colon
the large intestine
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Colostomy
surgically-created opening through the abdominal wall into the large intestine to allow feces to be expelled
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Constipation
the inabbility to eliminate stool, or the infrequent, difficult and often painful elimination of a hard, dry stool
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Crohn's Disease
a disease that causes the wall of the intestines (large or small) to become inflamed (red, sore, & swollen)
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Defecation
the process of eliminating feces from the rectum through the anus
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Diarrhea
frequent elimination of liquid or semi-liquid feces
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Digestion
the process of breaking down food so that it can be absorbed into the cells
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Diverticulosis
innflammation of sacs that develop in the wall of the large intestine due to diverticulosis
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Diverticulosis
a disorder in which sac-like pouching develop in weakened areas of the wall of the large inntestine (colon)
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Duodenum
the first part of the small intestine, where the common bile duct enters the small intestine
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Electrolytes
chemical substances that are essential to maintaining fluid balance and homeostasis in the body
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Elimination
the process of expelling wastes
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Enema
a specific amount of water, with or without an additive, introduced into the colon to eliminate stool
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Fecal Impaction
a mass of dry, hard stool that remains packed in the rectum and cannot be expelled
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Feces
solid body waste excreted through the anus from the large intestines; also called stool
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Flatulence
air in the intestine that is passed through the rectum; also called gas or flatus
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Fracture Pain
a bedpan that is flatter than a regular bedpan; used for small or thin people or those who cannot lift their buttocks onto a standard bedpan
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
chronic condition in which the liquid contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus
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Gastrointestinal Tract
a continuous tube from the opening of the mouth all the way to the anus, where solid wastes are eliminated from the body
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Heartburn
a condition the results from the weakening of the sphincter muscle which joins the esophagus and the stomach; also known as acid reflux
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Hemorrhoids
enlarged veins in the rectum that can cause itching, burning, pain, & bleeding
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Homeostasis
the condition in which all of the body's systems are balanced and are working at their best
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Ileostomy
surgically-created opening into the end of the small intestine, the ileum, to allow feces to be expelled
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Ingestion
the process of taking food or fluids into the body
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
a chronic condition of the gastrointestinal tract that is worsened by stress
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Malabsorption
a condition in which the body cannot absorb or digest a particular nutrient properly
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Organ
a structural unit in the human body that performs a specific function
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Ostomy
surgical creation of an opening from an area inside the body to the outside
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Pathophysiology
the study of the disorders that occur in the body
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Peristalsis
muscular contractions that push food through the gastrointestinal tract
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Physiology
the study of how body parts function
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Portable Commode
a chair with a toilet seat and a removeable container underneath; used for elimination; also called a bedside commode
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Specimen
a sample, such as tissue, blood, urine, stool, or spuctum, used for analysis and diagnosis
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Stoma
an artificial opening in the body
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Suppository
a medication given rectally to cause a bowel movement
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Tissues
a group of cells that performs similar tasks
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Ulcerative Colitis
a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestines
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Ureterostomy
a type of urostomy in which a surgical creation of an opening from the ureter through the abdomen is made for urine to be eliminated
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Urostomy
the general term used for any surgical procedure that diverts the passage of urine by redirecting the ureters
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