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Molecule
Result of 2+ atoms joining
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Ionic Bond
Bond occuring between metals and non-metals of negative and positive atoms
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Covalent Bond
The supposedly equal share of electrons between non-metals
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Element
Base of everything.
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Carbohydrates
Structural components for some organisms
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Types of Carbohydrates
- Monosaccharide
- Disaccharide
- Polysaccharide
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Monosaccaride
The smallest unit of sugar with 3-8 atoms.
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Example of Monosaccride
Glucose
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Disaccharide
Combo of 2+ simple sugars
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Example of saccharide
Sucrose
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Polysaccharide
Many sugars in a chain
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Example of polysaccharide
Glycogen
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Lipids
Fatty acids, a source of energy for animals
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2 molecules lipids are made of
- Gycerol
- 3 fatty acid tails
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Two types of fat
Saturated and unsaturated
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Saturated fat
Maximum of hydrogen bonds
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Unsaturated fats
At least one double bond
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Proteins are made from
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus
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3 things protein does
- Makes up structuaral components of organisms
- Helps transport things in the body
- Made from 2 amino acids by a peptide bond
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Example of protein
keratin
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Metabolism
A web of chemical reactions in your body dependent on metabolism as well as each other
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Anabolism
Creating/ building up molecules
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Oxidized
When an atom loses electrons
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Respiration
Process of making energy
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Glucose
Simple sugar C6H12C6
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Glycolysis
8 steps in which glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvates (4ATP)
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Pyruvate
Half of a glucose
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Kreb Cycle
Step after glycolysis where the pyruvates enter the cycle to make 2 or more ATP
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Electron Transport Chain
A chain electrons are lead through that pushes the H+ into the membrane and then go through a protein pump to make 32 total ATP
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Anaerobic Respiration
Glycolysis only
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Aerobic respiration
Glycolysis (+2 ATP), Kreb cycle (+2 ATP), ETC (+32 ATP) 36 total ATP
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Oxygen
The last electron acceptor
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Lactic acid
Bi-product of the pyruvates from anareobic respiration
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Carbon dioxide
Bi-product of respiration
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ATP
Energy created from respiration
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