Chapter 8: European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

  1. The population of the eighth century had not recovered from losses of __. River, which served as __, and villages, were separated by forests, swamps, and mountain ridges. __ covered the European landscape and provided building and heating materials as well as game.__ of the land was cultivated. __ and __ were necessary to supplement the European diet.
    • plagues of 6th and 7th centuries
    • communication
    • Forests
    • 10%
    • Hunting and fishing
  2. I.                   Farming
    • a.      Cultivation was difficult in early middle ages
    •                                                               i.      Not easy to clear forests and prepare ground for planting
    •                                                             ii.      Germans thought trees= sacred
    • 1.      Christianity did not change attitude
    •                                                           iii.      Heavy soils not easily plowed
    •                                                           iv.      Methods worked against significant crop yields
    • 1.      Land remained unplanted every other year to regain fertility, but still produced low yields
  3. I.                   The Climate
    • a.      European weather improved
    • b.      Natural disasters
    •                                                               i.      Low yields= little surplus
    •                                                             ii.      Drought/ too much rain= meager harvests, famine, dietary deficienciesà disease and low life expectancy
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DesLee26
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177961
Card Set
Chapter 8: European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000
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Stow
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