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Bioenergetics
Energy and its metabolism by animals
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Calorie
Heat req'd to raise temp of 1g of H2O from 16.5 to 17.5 C
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Gross Energy
The total heat of combustion, or energy released from breaking of all organic bonds in a sample
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Digestible Energy
Amount of dietary gross energy not recovered from the feces of an animal and assumed to be digested and absorbed by the animal
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Metabolizable Energy
Amount of dietary gross energy not recovered in feces, urine and gasses excreted by an animal, and assumed to be used in metabolism of an animal
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Net Energy
The amount of energy available for use to the animal after subtracting the heat increment from metabolizable energy. This energy is actually useable by the animal
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Heat Increment
Increase in heat production of an animal associated with digestion, absorption and metabolism of food
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Basal Metabolic Rate
Amount of energy expended by an animal at rest in a thermoneutral environment, in a post-absorptive state, and neither gaining nor losing weight
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Fasting Heat Production
Amount of heat produced by a fasting animal; will be higher than basal metabolic rate b/c of the difficulty in measuring true basal metabolic rate due to animal activity (ruminants and monogastrics) and the heat of fermentation (ruminants)
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Thermoneutral Zone
Environmental temps at which an individual animal does not need to actively regulate (i.e. exend additional energy) its body temp
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Compensatory Growth
Moderate restriction of growth rate for a portion of the growth curve to encourage more efficient growth at a later stage of the growth curve
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