CNA Chapter 6 Infection Prevention Vocabulary

an appliance used to sterilize medical instruments or other objects by using steam under pressure

microorgannisms found in the human blood that can cause infection and disease

federal law requiring that healthcare facilities protect employees from bloodborne health hazards

tears, saliva, spuctum, urine, feces, vaginal secretions, pus or wound drainage, and vomit

person who carries a pathogen usually without signs or symptoms of disease, but who can still spread the disease

tube inserted through the skin or into a body opening that is used to add or drain fluid

a bacterial illness that can cause diarrhea and colitis; spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill

federal government agency responsible for improving the overall health and safety of the people of the U.S.

a condition in which an object has not been contaminated with pathogens

an infectious disease transmissible by direct contact or by indirect contact

a type of communicable disease that spreads quickly from person to person

soiled, unclean; having disease-causing organisms or infectious material on it

the physical movement or transfer of harmful bacteria from one person, object, or place to another, or from one part of the baody to another

an excessive loss of water from the body; a condition the occurs when fluid loss is greater than fluid intake

way to transmit pathogens through touching the infected person or his/her secretions

method of transmission of disease from one person to another

a conndition in which an object has been contaminated with pathogens

a measure used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying pathogens

to remove

to put on

flow of fluids from a wound or cavity

plan that outlines specific work practices to prevent exposure to infectious material and identifies step-by-step procedure to follow when exposures do occur

specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that result from the performance of an employee's duties

an object that is contaminated with a pathogen and can spread the pathogen to another person

washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap and water or using alcohol based hand rubs

an alcohol-containing preparation designed for application to the hands for reducing the number of microorganisms on the hands

an infection associated with healthcare delivery in any setting (e.g. hospitals, long-term care facilities, ambulatory settings, or home care)

inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such a alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma

resistance to infection spread by a specific pathogen

the period of time between the time a pathogen enters the body and the time it causes visible signs and symptoms of disease

a way to transmit pathogens by touching something contaminated by the infected person

method of transmission of disease from an object, insect, or animal to a person

the state resulting from pathogens invading and growing within the human body

set of methods used to control and prevent to spread of disease; formerly known as "infection control"

any disease caused by growth of a pathogen

to keep something separate, or by itself

infect limited to a specific part of the body; has local symptoms

a serious condition in which a person is not getting proper nutrition

refers to practices used to reduce and control the spread of microorganisms, such as handwashing

a tiny living thing visible only by microscope; also called microorganism

a tiny living thing not visible to the eye without a microscope; also called a microbe

an infection caused by specific bacteria that has become resistant to many antibiotics

the membranes that line the body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the lining of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum & genitals

microorganisms, mostly bacteria, that are reisistant to one or more antimicrobial agents

a disease not capable of being spreadfrom one person to another

skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, acne, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions, or boils

the mocroorganisms the mormally live in and on the body and do not cause harm in a healthy person, as long as the flors remain in or at that particular area

a federal government agency that makes and enforce rules to protect workers from hazards on the job

microorganisms that are apable of causing infection and disease

care of the genitals and anal area by cleaning

a barrier between a person and pathogens; includes gloves, gowns, masks, goggles, and face shields

being infected again with the same pathogen

the body's ability to prevent infection and disease

ways individuals and communities maintain clean, hygienic conditions that help prevent disease, such as the disposal of sewage and solid waste

a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluid, non-intake skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with a disease

a measure used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying all microorganisms, including those that form spores

method that makes an area or object completely free of microorganisms; also called sterile technique

an infection that occurs when pathogens enter the bloodstream and move throughout the body; causes general symptoms, such as chills and fever

the way and means by which a disease is spread

a substance prepared from weakened or killed microorganisms that is used to give immunity to disease

a strain of the  bacterium enterococcus that is resistant to the powerful antibiotic vancomycin; infections occur when the bacteria enter the bloodstream, urinary tract, or surgical wounds