CNA Chapter 6 Infection Prevention Vocabulary

  1. Antimicrobial
    an agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens
  2. Autoclave 
    an appliance used to sterilize medical instruments or other objects by using steam under pressure
  3. Bloodborne Pathogens
    microorgannisms found in the human blood that can cause infection and disease
  4. Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
    federal law requiring that healthcare facilities protect employees from bloodborne health hazards
  5. Body Fluids
    tears, saliva, spuctum, urine, feces, vaginal secretions, pus or wound drainage, and vomit
  6. Carrier
    person who carries a pathogen usually without signs or symptoms of disease, but who can still spread the disease
  7. Catheter
    tube inserted through the skin or into a body opening that is used to add or drain fluid
  8. C. difficile
    (C. diff, clostridium difficile)
    a bacterial illness that can cause diarrhea and colitis; spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill
  9. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
    federal government agency responsible for improving the overall health and safety of the people of the U.S.
  10. Clean
    a condition in which an object has not been contaminated with pathogens
  11. Communicable Disease
    an infectious disease transmissible by direct contact or by indirect contact
  12. Contagious Disease
    a type of communicable disease that spreads quickly from person to person
  13. Contaminated
    soiled, unclean; having disease-causing organisms or infectious material on it
  14. Cross-Infection
    the physical movement or transfer of harmful bacteria from one person, object, or place to another, or from one part of the baody to another
  15. Dehydration
    an excessive loss of water from the body; a condition the occurs when fluid loss is greater than fluid intake
  16. Direct Contact
    way to transmit pathogens through touching the infected person or his/her secretions
  17. Direct Spread
    method of transmission of disease from one person to another
  18. Dirty
    a conndition in which an object has been contaminated with pathogens
  19. Disinfection
    a measure used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying pathogens
  20. Doff
    to remove
  21. Don 
    to put on
  22. Drainage
    flow of fluids from a wound or cavity
  23. Exposure Control Plan
    plan that outlines specific work practices to prevent exposure to infectious material and identifies step-by-step procedure to follow when exposures do occur
  24. Exposure Incident
    specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that result from the performance of an employee's duties
  25. Fomite
    an object that is contaminated with a pathogen and can spread the pathogen to another person
  26. Hand Hygiene
    washing hands with either plain or antiseptic soap and water or using alcohol based hand rubs
  27. Hand Rubs
    an alcohol-containing preparation designed for application to the hands for reducing the number of microorganisms on the hands
  28. Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI)
    an infection associated with healthcare delivery in any setting (e.g. hospitals, long-term care facilities, ambulatory settings, or home care)
  29. Hepatitis
    inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such a alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma
  30. Immunity
    resistance to infection spread by a specific pathogen
  31. Incubation Period
    the period of time between the time a pathogen enters the body and the time it causes visible signs and symptoms of disease
  32. Indirect Contact
    a way to transmit pathogens by touching something contaminated by the infected person
  33. Indirect Spread
    method of transmission of disease from an object, insect, or animal to a person
  34. Infection
    the state resulting from pathogens invading and growing within the human body
  35. Infection Prevention
    set of methods used to control and prevent to spread of disease; formerly known as "infection control"
  36. Infectious Disease
    any disease caused by growth of a pathogen
  37. Isolate
    to keep something separate, or by itself
  38. Localized Infection
    infect limited to a specific part of the body; has local symptoms
  39. Malnutrition
    a serious condition in which a person is not getting proper nutrition
  40. Medical Asepsis
    refers to practices used to reduce and control the spread of microorganisms, such as handwashing
  41. Microbe
    a tiny living thing visible only by microscope; also called microorganism
  42. Microorganism (MO)
    a tiny living thing not visible to the eye without a microscope; also called a microbe
  43. MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphyloccus Aureus)
    an infection caused by specific bacteria that has become resistant to many antibiotics
  44. Mucous Membranes
    the membranes that line the body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the lining of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum & genitals
  45. Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs)
    microorganisms, mostly bacteria, that are reisistant to one or more antimicrobial agents
  46. Non-Communicable Disease
    a disease not capable of being spreadfrom one person to another
  47. Non-Intake Skin
    skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, acne, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions, or boils
  48. Normal Flora
    the mocroorganisms the mormally live in and on the body and do not cause harm in a healthy person, as long as the flors remain in or at that particular area
  49. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
    a federal government agency that makes and enforce rules to protect workers from hazards on the job
  50. Pathogen
    microorganisms that are apable of causing infection and disease
  51. Perineal Care
    care of the genitals and anal area by cleaning
  52. PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
    a barrier between a person and pathogens; includes gloves, gowns, masks, goggles, and face shields
  53. Reinfection
    being infected again with the same pathogen
  54. Resistance
    the body's ability to prevent infection and disease
  55. Sanitation
    ways individuals and communities maintain clean, hygienic conditions that help prevent disease, such as the disposal of sewage and solid waste
  56. Standard Precautions
    a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluid, non-intake skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with a disease
  57. Sterilization
    a measure used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying all microorganisms, including those that form spores
  58. Surgical Asepsis
    method that makes an area or object completely free of microorganisms; also called sterile technique
  59. Systemic Infection
    an infection that occurs when pathogens enter the bloodstream and move throughout the body; causes general symptoms, such as chills and fever
  60. Transmission
    the way and means by which a disease is spread
  61. Vaccine
    a substance prepared from weakened or killed microorganisms that is used to give immunity to disease
  62. VRE (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus)
    a strain of the  bacterium enterococcus that is resistant to the powerful antibiotic vancomycin; infections occur when the bacteria enter the bloodstream, urinary tract, or surgical wounds
Author
Angilam4
ID
177783
Card Set
CNA Chapter 6 Infection Prevention Vocabulary
Description
Vocabulary
Updated