-
What was Beethovens most popular symphony during the heroic period?
Symphony no 5
-
Some important things that happened during Beethoven's heroic period.
Louisiana Purchase, 1803
Napoleon declares himself Emperor, 1804
-
Beethoven was known for these things
- Played
- louder than anyone before him
- lKnown
- for his legato, singing style
-
Symphony
No. 3 “Eroica”
- lDedication to
- Napoleon scratched out when he declared himself emperor
- l“Heroic
- Symphony: To Celebrate the Memory of a Great Man”
-
Heroic
Period (Middle) (1803-1813)
- lMusic becomes more complex,
- grand
l6 of 9 symphonies
- lAdded orchestral
- instruments—trombone, contrabassoon, piccolo
-
Romantic audiences
- lAround
- 1840—audiences became silent and focused, almost reverent to the music
- lMusic became
- harder to ignore.
-
Rubato tempo
lflexible tempo)
- lExaggerates the
- rhythmic flow
- lGives performers
- more artistic freedom
- lSometimes
- accentuated by dynamic change
-
lThe Virtuoso
- lPianists and violinists the
- most common
- lOften more
- showmanship than musical substance
lFranz Liszt (1811-1886)
lNiccolò Paganini (1782-1840)
-
lDefinition—song for voice
and piano accompaniment with high artistic aspirations. Poem set to music.
lThe Art Song
-
tightly
structured group of songs that tell one story or treat a single theme
song cycle
-
"The Erkling"
lForm: Through-composed
-
Clara Wieck Schumann
- One of the great
- piano virtuosos of the nineteenth century
-
Neu Zeitschrift fur Musik
- New
- Journal of Music). Championed new
- romantic composers
-
lForm: Through-composed
- lEach stanza set
- to new music
- lProjects a
- series of changing moods
- lDifferent from strophic
- form—same
- music repeated for each strophe, or stanza (Ave Maria)
-
Program
Music
lDefinition
lInstrumental music, often orchestral
lTells a story through music
lHistorical event, natural wonder, etc.
-
lOne-movement work for orchestra
lGives musical expression to emotions and
events
lAlso called “tone poem”
Symphonic poem
-
lAn introductory movement preceding an opera
or play
lSoon performed by themselves
Dramatic Overture
lExamples
- lMendelssohn: Overture to A
- Midsummer Night’s Dream
- lRossini: Overture to William
- Tell
-
lAn independent, one-movement work
lIntended for the concert hall
lDoes not precede an opera or play
lVirtually indistinguishable from the
symphonic poem
Concert Overture
-
lThe
first complete program symphony
lSymphonie fantastique
-
Unifying
theme: idée fixe
-
lFrédéric Chopin
(1810-1849)
lReputation
l“Poet of the piano”
lA national hero in Poland
-
lMazurka
- lA fast,
- triple-meter Polish dance
- lStyle can be
- heroic or sentimental
-
Nocturne
lnight piece)
- lA slow, dreamy
- composition
- lCame into favor
- during the 1820s and 1830s
- lChromaticism creates
- intensity of mood
-
lFranz Liszt (1811-1886)
lReputation
- lCompositions
- demand great virtuosity
- lFlamboyant
- artistic personality
lAmazing virtuoso
lSex symbol
- lAudience
- response was sensational, often hysterical
- lWomen tried to
- tear off articles of his clothing
lKnown as Lisztomania
-
lLiterally means “beautiful
singing”
lEmphasizes beautiful vocal
melodies
lVery difficult
technique
lOrchestra
provides simple harmonic support
lItalian Bel Canto Opera
-
lReputation
lMost popular
opera composer throughout Europe
lHis operas
performed more than any others
-
Giuseppe Verdi: Musical Style
- lIntense passion
- and nonstop action
- lOrchestra
- accompanies the recitative
- lSmooth
- transitions between recitative and aria
-
scena
- scenic
- plan made of diverse movements
-
Reputation
lInspired extreme reactions
Exerted enormous influence
A determined, ruthless visionary
Wrote his own librettos
-
Gesamtkunstwerk
lTotal art work)
lCreates a more realistic drama
lSeamless flow of music
lEliminates tuneful arias
lHeightens importance of orchestra
-
lA theme which represents a character,
object, or idea
lUsually played by the orchestra
lSuggests the character’s subconscious
thought
lMultiple leitmotifs can appear
simultaneously
lLietmotif
|
|
