Psych1 ch.5-8

• describes the process through which we detect physical energy from the enviroment and code that energy as neural signals.
• activity at the level of senses. (aka raw/sensory and evidence/data)
• raw sensory data with no perception

• describes the way a person selects, organizes, and interprets sensory information.
• mental interpretation of sensory data selection/attention, organization and interpretation of sensory data
• when you interput the data of the senses or sensations then that's perception.
• gets your attention/ what you select to pay attention to and then organize/ look for patterns and correctly perceive (interpt)

is a multilayered tissue at the back of the eye that is responsible for visual transduction.

is a photoreceptor cell in the retina that responds to varifying degrees of light and dark.

are photorecpectors cells in the retina that enables a person to see color.

is a condition in which a person is not consciously aware of what he or she sees, but can still partically respond to visual information.

is a structure on the tongue that contains the receptor cells for taste.

is a tiny hair at the tip of a taste receptor cell.

is a negative feeling caused by a malfunction in the central nervous system.

is a negative feeling that occurs when sensory information from internal and external areas converges on the same nerve cells in the spinal cord.

• 5 senses, plus an extra 2
• windows to the soul

light waves to receptor cells in the eye's retinas, where cones (color) and rods (night vision) are located.

• sound waves to receptor cells inside cochlea
• basilar membrane (inner ear)

• it makes sound waves. It's only when a person is there to hear it or a recording is made that it makes a sound.
• it's how it is preceived

• pressure to receptor cells on skin
• pain, touch, could, hot

molecules in air to receptor cells in nose, olfactory epithelium

• molecules in food to receptor cells in taste buds in mouth
• triggers the sensation for the 4 distinct taste buds:
• sweet, sour, salty, and bitter

• body sensation (aka kinesthetic sense)
• movement (balance)

• your mind swiches back and forth between images, never allowing you to see both interpretations at the same time
• we are only able to focus on one perception at any given time, even though we know that alternative interpretations are possible

• based on experiences, exceptions, suggestions, our values, and background data is influenced by our mind
• we are not just passive recipents of the outside world

is a person's awareness of himself or herself and his or her enviroment

is a natural loss of consciousness

is a recurring stage of sleep during which vivid dreams usually occur

is a type of brain wave that characterizes active wakefulness

is a type of brain wave that characterizes a relaxed state of wakefulness

is a type of brain wave that chariterizes the first stages of sleep

is a type of wave with a high amplitude that characterizes satge 3

are features of a relatively bengin, albeit disturbing, sleep disorder most common in young children and charterised by epsiodes of high arousal and terrified appearance

is a sequence of images, feelings, ideas, and impressions that pass through people's minds as they sleep

is what a person expilicitly remembers about a dream- it's storyline, characters, and details

describes the unconscious meaning of a dream

consists of pain releif through hypnosis

is a method of studying larning in which the researcher focouses solely on directly observable responses and discards any refrences to inner thoughts, feelings, motives

is learning characterized by linking two events that occur together

is a process of learning associations in which an implicit memory forms because of repeated exposure to a certain stimulus

is a process in which a learner reacts to a particular object or situations in the same way that he or she reacts to one that resembles that object or situation

is a process in which a learner is trained to distinguish similar but distinct stimuli

is a cue signaling that a particular response will be reinforced or punished

means 'characterized by the desire to do things because they are interesting, challenging, satisfying, or enjoyable'

is the desire to complete a behavior because it will lead to a reward or avoid punishment

is the tendency for an organism to revert to instinctive behaviors after being trained to have new behaviors

is a phenomenon in which two stimuli are associated, thus creating a reflex response

is an orginal unlearned stimulus that elcits a certain reflex action

is a relex action elcited by an unconditioned stimulus

is an event that is repeatedly paired with a particular unconditioned stimulus

is a learned reaction triggered by a cinditioned stimulus, even in the absence of an associated unconditioned stimulus

is a type of learning in which organisms associate their actions with consequences

consists of responses that an organism makes to produce an effect on the enviroment

is an act that causes a particular effect on the enviroment

is a positive or negative consequence caused by an operant response

is a reward that does not immediately follow an action (only humans)

is a process in which reinforcers are used o guide an organism's actions toward a desired behavior

is a process in which the final step in a sequence is reinforced first, becoming conditioned reinforcer for the preceding response

memory lasting a few seconds

memory of short term use is stored

information that can last a lifetime is stored

sensory information is converted into a form that can be stored

process in which encoded info is placed into momory

previously stored info is moved from long term memory to working memory

inability to retrieve information that has been previously stored

sensory memory involving visual stimuli

organizing large pieces of information into smaller pieces


groupings, area codes, etc

process of repeating info either out loud or silently with the intent of learning that info

memories in which the person is consiously aware

memories in which the person is NOT consiously aware

remembers a sequence of eventsrecalling weekend

• memory aids that give rhyme and reason to lists or other pieces of info
• h.o.m.e.s

words meaning is encodeding a words meaning

one part of the brain that forms stores long term memories

• conditonal and forming procedual memories and habits related to movement
• linked to different types of motor skills then the basal ganglia

• habits related to movement
• procedual memories

loss of past memories

loss of new long -term memories

remembers info but forgets the source

• Three sins of forgetting:
• 1-absent mindedness
• 2-transience
• 3-blocking

• Three sins of distortion:
• 1-misattribution
• 2-suggestibility
• 3-bias

• Three sins of distortion:
• misattribution
• suggestibility
• bias

• one sin of intrusion:
• persistence