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Job Satisfaction
- self-care
- empatheitic care
- burnout
- care of supplies and equipment
- participationj in professional activities
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Based on lessons of right and wrong.
Morality
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Behaviors within the accepted principles of right and wrong.
Ethics
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Radiologic tecnhologist are governed by________ established by ________.
- The Standards of Ethics Document
- ASRT and ARRT
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What does the Code of Ethics serve as?
A guide for professional conduct evaluation.
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Who was the Code of Ethics developed by and why?
- ASRT
- to foster a high level of ethical conduct for radiologic techs.
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Who enforces Rules of Ethics contained within the Standards?
ARRT
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What is the Rules of Ethics?
Manditory specific standards of minimally acceptable professional conduct.
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What is ethical analysis?
A method of evaluating situations in which the correct action is in question...
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What are the basic steps of ethical analysis?
- Identify the problem
- Develop alternate solutions
- Select the best solution
- Defend your selection
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List the ethical theories.
- Nonconsequentialism
- Consequentialism
- Social Contract Theory
- Ethics of Care(situational ethics)
- Virtue-based ethics
- Rights-based ethics
- Principle-based ethics(principlism)
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Ethical theory in which speeding is bad because it is against the law and because it places you and others at risk.
Nonconsequentialism
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Ethical theory that believes that an action is right if the outcome is good.
Consequentialism
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Holds that certain persons or groups have relationships that contain inherent expectations, duties, and obligations.
Social Contract Theory
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Right actions for one patient in one situation may be wrong for other patients or other circumstances.
Ethics of Care(situational ethics)
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This ethical theory places value on virtues-admirable character traits such as caring, faithfulness, trustworthiness, compassion, and courage.
Virtue-based ethics
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Emphasizes the righs of individuals in a democratic society to be shielded from undue restriction or harm. The rights of some individuals place duties on others.
Rights-based ethics
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Widely accepted standard for selecting and defining solutions to ethical dilemmas in healthcare communities
Principle-based ethics (principlism)
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What are the 6 ethical principles(principlism)
- beneficence
- nonmaleficence
- veracity
- fidelity
- justice
- automomy
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Goodness; actions that bring about good are considered right.
Beneficence
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No evil; an obligation not to inflict harm.
Nonmaleficence
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Truth; an obligation to tell the truth
Veracity
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Faithfulness; an obligation to be loyal or faithful
Fidelity
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Fairness; an obligation to act with equity
Justice
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Self-determination; respecting the independence of others and acting with self-reliance
Autonomy
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Patients are protected by the Patient's Rights statement, now called___________.
The Patient Care Partnership
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Who was the Patient Care Partnership/Patient's Rights Statement established by and what does it do?
- Americal Hospital Association
- Details distinct expectations of the patient as a client of a health care facility.
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What must occur for a consent to be valid?
- The pt must be of legal age and mentally competent
- The pt must offer consent voluntarily
- The pt must be adequately informed about the medical care being recommended
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What are the 3 types of consent?
- Oral
- Written or Informed
- Implied
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Informed consent is required when a pt is subjected to what?
Any type of invasive or experimental procedure
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Two exceptions in which informed consent need not be obtained prior to an invasive procedure:
- Emergency situations
- Therapeutic privilege
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Occurs if the pt is unconsious or otherwise unable to give consent, and harm from failure to treat is imminent
Emergency situations
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Applies only if risk disclosure poses such a threat to the patient that it will lead to further harm.
Therapeutic Privilege
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What corresponds with Death and Diginity?
- DNR/DNI
- Advance Directives
- Power of Attorney for Healthcare
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An outline of specific wishes about medical care to be followed in the event that an individual loses the ability to make or communicate decisions.
Advance Directives
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Enables a trusted person to act on the pts behalf if and when the pt is unable to communicate his/her wishes.
Power of Attorney for Healthcare
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A felony or misdemeanor follows under which law?
Criminal Law
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Deals with offenses against the state or against society at large.
Criminal Law
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Deals with the rights and duties of individuals with respect to one another.
Civil Law
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A tort belongs under what law?
Civil Law
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A civil wrong committed by one individual against the person or property of another.
Tort
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What kinds of intentional torts are there?
- Assault
- Battery
- False Imprisonment
- Invasion of Privacy
- Defamation of Character(libel and slander)
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A threat of intended injury
Assault
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Touching another without permission
Battery
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Confinement without authorization
False Imprisionment
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Improper release of medical information, including x-rays or exposure of the pt.
Invasion of Privacy
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What is talking about a patient? It can be either verbal or written?
Defamation of character(libel-written)(slander-spoken)
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What is the legal criteria for the use of restraints?
- To protect the pt, healthcare worker, and/or the property of others.
- Must be the lease intrusive method possible.
- There must be regular reassesment of the need of restraint.
- Must be discontinued as soon as practicable.
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What does neligence refer to?
Unintentional torts or unintentional injury
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What are the types of unintentional torts(negligence)?
- Gross Negligence
- Contributory Negligence
- Corporate Negligence
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"Reckless disregard for life of limb"
Gross Negligence
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The injured party somehow contributed to the injury
Contributory Negligence
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The hospital as an entity is negligent
Corporate Negligence
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List the 4 conditions of malpractice
- The defendant had a duty to provide resonable care to the pt.
- The pt sustained some loss or injury
- The defendant is the party responsible for the injury
- The loss is altributable to negligence or improper care.
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The act (or thing) that speaks for itself
Res Ipsa Loquitur
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"Let the master answer"
Respondeat Superior
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The libility of one person or agency for the actions of another
Vicarious Liability
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Hospital employees are "borrowed" for a purpose-holds the physician rather than the hospital responsible
Doctrine of Borrowed Servant
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Each person is liable for his/her own negligent conduct
Rule of Personal Responsibility
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What are the responsibilites for record keeping?
- Billing
- Ordering of Supplies
- Insurance Verification
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What should you do when recording on computers?
Prevent unauthorized access to e-charts and confidential pt information
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How should you maintain/use paper charts?
- Draw a single line through an entry to delete it
- Always initial and date corrections
- Never leave blanks on forms
- Never insert loose or gummed slips of paper
- Include all four digits of the year(date of birth)
- Date and sign all entries that you make, include department and your title
- Always use military time
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What is RIMS?
Radiology Information Management System
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What does RIMS allow the tech to do?
Allows access to pertinent and limited information concerning a pt. (allergies, lab values, pt location, and previous imaging procedures and accompanying reports)(allows for ordering and billing of imaging examinations)
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What is the order for a diagnosic procedure?
Paper requisition
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What is included on paper requisitions?
- Pt data
- Brief medical history
- Specific Instructions
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Requisitions(orders) and radiologists' reports are scanned into what system with the correlating images?
PACS
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What does PACS stand for?
- Picture Archiving and Communications System
- (all stations are connected by PACS so assessable all over the hospital or to connected clinics)
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Who does diagnostic images belong to?
- the pts medicolegal record
- the institution in which they are made
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List the 7 C's of Malpractice
- Competence
- Compliance
- Charting
- Communication
- Confidentiality
- Courtesy
- Carefulness
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Knowing and adhering to professional stanandards. reduce liability exposure.(know the job duties and be comfortable with the duty)
Competence
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Knowing policies and procedures in the medical office and hospital avoids pr injuries and litigation.
Compliance
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The neglect of omission of reasonable care or caution
Negligence
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Tampering with medical charts
Spoliation
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The one reasonable for implementing the ethical decision.
Moral agent
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