_____ are inner reasons or driving forces behind human actions as consumers are driven to address real needs
D. Motivations
Which group of human motivations is based on the fact that the body naturally reacts in a way so as to maintain a constant, normal bloodstream?
A. homeostasis
Which type of motivation is aimed at changing the current state to a level that is more ideal, not at simply maintaining the current state?
D. self-improvement motivation
Which theory describes consumers as addressing a finite set of prioritized needs from physiological, safety and security, belongingness and love, esteem, to self-actualization?
A. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Which motivation reflects a desire to acquire products that can be used to accomplish things?
E. utilitarian
_____ motivation involves a drive to experience something personally gratifying.
Which of the following represents the degree of personal relevance a consumer finds in pursuing value from a given consumption act?
E. consumer involvement
Product categories with personal relevance for consumers typically have _____ product involvement.
C. high
Consumers with very high involvement in some product category are referred to as _____.
D. product enthusiasts
_____ represents the personal relevance of shopping
activities.
D. Shopping involvement
Claire has a collection of more than 1,000 snow globes from around the world. For most of her adult life, she has had an interest in this product and finds it personally gratifying when she learns about the product and acquires a new one for her collection. She especially likes to attend “Globe Swaps” where other enthusiasts like herself gather to trade snow globes and share stories. Which type of involvement is Claire demonstrating?
E. enduring involvment
_____ are psychobiological reactions to appraisals.
e.Schemas
A. emotions
Emotions are considered _____ because they involve both psychological processing and physical responses.
Which type of cognitive appraisal focuses on the future and can elicit emotions like hopefulness or anxiety?
d.agency appraisal
e.future appraisal
A. anticipation appraisal
Which type of cognitive appraisal reviews responsibility for events and can evoke emotions such as gratefulness, frustration, or sadness?
D. agency appraisal
Which type of cognitive appraisal considers how something turned out relative to one’s goals and can evoke emotions like joyfulness, satisfaction, sadness, or pride?
E. outcome appraisal
Which of the following can be thought of as a transient (temporary and changing) and general feeling state?
E. mood
A consumer in a bad mood tends to judge things negatively. When the value of a target, such as a product, is influenced in a consistent way by one’s mood, this is called _____.
B. mood-congruent judgements
Which of the following terms is used to represent the feelings a consumer has about a particular product or activity?
a.cognition
b.affect
c.mood
d.emotion
e.nostalgia
b. affect
Which way of measuring emotions automatically records responses based on either automatic visceral reactions or neurological brain activity?
A. autonomic measures
Some researchers measure brain wave activity to assess consumers’ emotional responses to advertising. This type of measurement is called _____.
B. autonomic
PANAS and PAD are examples of _____ measures of consumer emotions.
A. self-report
Which self-report measure of emotions asks respondents to rate feelings using semantic differential items (bipolar opposites)?
E. PANAS
The theory behind PAD is that pleasure is _____, meaning that if one feels joyful, he or she cannot also experience sadness.
Deep personal interest that evokes strongly felt feelings simply from the thoughts or behavior associated with some object or activity is known as _____.
_____ is a term used to capture one’s awareness of the emotions experienced in a situation and the ability to control reactions to theses emotions.
C. Emotional intelligence
Most consumers have vivid memories of meaningful events in their lives. These are called _____.
B. autobiographical memories
Which of the following describes the situation in which consumers remember information better when the mood they are currently in matches the mood they were in when originally exposed to the information?
Emotion that becomes stored as part of the meaning for a category is referred to as _____.
D. schema-based affect
Effort put forth by employees in carefully managing their appearance as a requisite for performing their job well is referred to as _____.
C. aesthetic labor
Which of the following means the extent to which an emotional display by one person influences the emotional state of others?
B. emotional contagion
A consumer who eats a whole pint of Ben & Jerry’s New York Super Fudge Chunk ice cream and later feels guilty and ashamed of herself is experiencing _____.
e.autonomic emotions
D. self-conscious emotions
Effort put forth by service workers who have to overtly manage their own emotional displays as part of the requirements of the job is called _____.
B. emotional labor
Consumer uneasy about buying things that others have previously touched is called _____.
