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What is Premenstrual syndrome
- Wide range of physical or emotional symptoms starting 5-11 days before onset of monthly menstrual cycle
- may worsen as a woman approaches teh transition age, late 30s -40s to menopause
- Exact casue has not been identified, but triggers may include social, cultral, biological and/or psychological
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PMS affects 85% of women during their childbearing years
- in late 20s to early 40s
- Have had at least one child
- with family history of major depression
- with history of postpartum depression or affective mood disorder
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Symptoms of PMS
- Physical-Breast swelling/tenderness, acne, bloating and weight gain, heasaches, joint and/or muscle pain, food cravings
- Behavioraly - mood swings, crying spells, irriability, anxiety, depression, fatigue, insomnia
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How is PMS Diagnosed
a medical hisory to learn when symptoms occur and/or how symptoms interfere with daily life
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How to prevent PMS
- Trigger avoidance
- High intake of Ca2+ and Vitamin D
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Treatments of PMS
- Lifestyle changes
- NSAIDs
- Oral Contrceptives
- Cognitive behavior therapy,
- light therapy
- antidpressants
- anxiolytics
- diuretics
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PMDD Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Marked by server depression, irritability, and tension before menstration
- Affects about 3-8% of women during their years of menstration
- generally worse in yonder women
- symptoms more severe than those seeen with PMS
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What Causes PMDD
Exact casue has not been identified, however hormonal changes may play a major role and/or serotonin (5-HT)
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What are symptoms
- Physical - bloating, weight gain, headaches, breast tenderness, joint and muscle pain
- Behavioral - a myraid of behavioral or emotional symptoms, must have 5 or more of emotional symptoms to be diagnosed with PMDD
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What is the Treatment for PMDD
- same as PMS
- Lifestyle changes
- NSAIDs
- Oral Contrceptives
- Cognitive behavior therapy,
- light therapy
- antidpressants
- anxiolytics
- diuretics
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Endometriosis
A condition where uterine tissue (endometriem) grows outside theuterus in the pelvic area such as ovaries, bowels, rectum, urninary bladder, pelvic wall
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Facts about Endometriosis
- Endrometial tissue outside the theuterus responds to homraonal changes like normal uterine tissue
- Etiology of endometriosis is unknown and cannot be prevented
- Exhibits proliferative and secretory phase with sloughing and subsequent bleeding
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What Causes Endometriosis
cause is unknown, but one theory for endometriosis is called retrograde menstruation
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What are symptoms Endometriosis
Pelvic Pain, menorrhagia, metrorhagia, fatigue, abdominal bleeding, diarrhea or constipation
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What are risk factors of Endometriosis
- Family history
- Starting menstruation at an early age
- never having had children
- frequent menstraual cycles
- periods that last 7 or more days
- closed hymen blocking menstrual blood flow
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How is Endometriosis treated
- Age
- Severity of sysmptoms or disease
- children in the future
- Medications
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