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Nervous system.txt
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Homeostasis
Concept that implies a state of "normalcy" in the body; it is reached when things are operating within normal biological limits.
Sensory receptors sense changes in
External environment
Internal environment
CNS
Central Nervous System
Brain and spinal cord
Does not include cranial and spinal nerves
Integration function
Brain and spinal cord (CNS) involved in analysis of sensory information and problem solving
Response (motor) function
The CNS "decides" how to respond and does so through muscle contraction and glandular secretion
Peripheral nervous system - PNS
Voluntary
12 pairs cranial nerves; 31 pairs spinal nerves
Somatic nervous system (SNS)
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
SNS - Somatic (afferent) neurons
carry impulses from receptors to CNS
SNS Motor (efferent) neurons
carry impulses from CNS to effectors skeletal muscle only
Autonomic nervous system - ANS
Involuntary
ANS Sensory (afferent) neurons
carry impulses from visceral receptors to CNS
ANS Motor (efferent) neurons
carry impulses from CNS to visceral effectors - smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands
Functional Classification: Sensory (afferent) division
has both CNS and PNS components
Somatic sensory
Transmits impulses from skin fascia, joints and skeletal muscle to CNS
Visceral sensory
Transmits impulses from visceral structures to CNS
Functional classification: Motor (efferent) division
Has both CNS and PNS components
Somatic Motor - SNS
Voluntary control of skeletal muscles
Autonomic motor - ANA
Involuntary control of visceral effectors
Cell body (soma)
Nucleus and surrounding cytoplasm of a neuron (excluding it's dendrites and axon)
Nucleus
Contained in the cytoplasm
nucleolus
contained in the nucleus
Nerve Fibers
Any extension or process from cell body
Axons
Neuron process that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body "output"
Dendrites
Neuron processes that conduct information to the cell body "input"
Form receptors at ends of sensory neurons
Lipofuscin
Clumps of yellow pigment; increases with age; may be produced by lysosomes
Chromatophilic substances (nissl bodies)
Consist of both free and attached (bound) ribosomes; make proteins for repair and neurotransmitters
Axon hillock
Origin of axon
Neurotubules
Microtubules that form the cytoskeleton
Neurofilaments
Intermediate filament aggregates that form neurofibrils
Neurofibrils
Form networks; support axons and dendrites
Axoplasm
Cytoplasm of axon; has mitocondria; no nissl bodies
Axolemma
Plasma membrane of axon
Axon collaterals
Side brances of axon
Axon Terminals (telodendria)
First end branches of axons
Synaptic boutons (bulbs, feet, plates, or knobs)
Supply several to 100,000 muscle fiber
Synaptic vesicles
contain neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
about 40 - 50 plus known
Author
larotcharen
ID
17708
Card Set
Nervous system.txt
Description
Dr. Mikelson Nervous system test
Updated
2010-05-04T05:11:23Z
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