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Medication
substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease
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Prescription
written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug
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Pharmacology
study of the effect of drugs on living organisms
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Generic name
assigned by United States Adopted Names Council and is used throughout the drug's lifetime
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Trade name
name given by drug manufacturer and identifies it as property of that company
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Pharmacopoeia
book containing a list of products used in medicine, with descriptions of the product, chemical tests for determining identity and purity, and formulas and prescriptions
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Therapeutic effect
desired effect, reason drug is prescribed
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Side effect
secondary effect, of a drug is one that is unintended, usually predictable, may be either harmless or potentially harmful
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Drug toxicity
deleterious effects of a drug on an organism or tissue resulting from overdosage, ingestion of a drug intended for external use, or buildup of the drug in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion (cumulative effect)
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Drug allergy
immunologic reaction to a drug
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Anaphylactic reaction
severe allergic reaction usually occurs immediately after the administration of the drug
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Drug tolerance
exists in a person who has unusually low physiological response to a drug and who requires increases in the dosage to maintain a given therapeutic effect
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Drug interaction
occurs when administration of one drug, before, at the same time, or after another drug alters the effects of one or both drugs
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Synergistic effect
occurs when two different drugs increase the action of one or another drug
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Latrogenic disease
disease caused unintentionally by medical therapy ie due to drug therapy
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Pharmacodynamics
mechanism of drug action and relationships between drug concentration and the body's responses
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Antagonist
drug that inhibits cell function by occupying receptor sites
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Pharmacokinetics
study of absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion of drugs
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Biotransformation
detoxification or metabolism, is a process by which a drug is converted to a less active form
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Metabolites
products of process where liver's drug-metabolizing enzymes detoxify the drugs
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Pharmacogenetics
client's response to a drug is influenced by genetic variations such as gender, size, and body composition
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Ethnopharmacology
study of the effect of racial and ethnic differences/responses to prescribed medication
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Routes of Administration
- Oral/sublingual/buccal
- Vaginal
- Topical/transdermal
- Subcutaneous
- Intramuscular
- Intradermal
- Intravenous
- Inhalation
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Parenteral route
- subcutaneous
- intramuscular
- intradermal
- intravenous
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Topical
- dermatologic preparation
- instillations/irrigations
- inhalations
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Essential Parts of Med Order
- Full name of client
- Date/time order is written
- name of drug to be administered
- Dosage of the drug
- Frequency of Administration
- Route of Administration
- Signature of the person writing the order
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