-
brownish casts in urine
glomerulonephritis
-
maltese cross cast
lipid, seen in nephotic syndrome
-
broad casts
renal failure
-
proteinuria >3.5 gm/ day
nephrotic syndrome
-
BUN:Cr > 20:1
pre renal acute renal failure
-
UA: dirty brown granular casts (muddy-brown casts)
ATN- acute tubular necrosis
-
UA: RBCs and RBC casts (also crescentic)
acute glomerulonephritis
-
UA: WBC casts (e0 also)
acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis
-
UA- uric acid crystals
Intratubular urinary outflow obstuction
-
MCC nephritic syndrome
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
-
nitrate to nitrite on urine dipstick
- Enterobactericiae
- ie E. coli
-
daily protein for a bariatric pt
1- 1.5 g/kg of ideal body weight
-
MCC of cystic renal dz in children
MCC of abdominal mass in newborns
renal dysplasia
-
C4d positive on IF
acute rejection (humoral component)
-
immature glomeruli, tubules and cartilage surrounded by loose, undifferentiated mesenchyme
cystic renal dysplasia
-
e0 or eosinophilic casts in the urine
- drug induced acute interstitial nephritis
- triad- fever, rash and arthralgia
-
staghorn stone associated with what infection
proteus
-
GBM splitting on LM
Alport syndrome or membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
-
uniform, diffuse thickening of capillaries
membranous glomerulonephropathy (shows as nephrotic syndrome)
-
Linear IgG and C3 deposits of IF
Goodpasture
-
GBM disruptions and fibrin deposition
Goodpasture
-
renal hypoplasia
<6 pyramids
-
interstitial fibrosis with foam cells on LM
alport syndrome
-
marker of acute humoral rejection and necrotizing vasculitis
C4d
-
significant bacteruria
>/= 100 colonies or >/= 100,000 CFU/ml
-
lower UTI triad
dysuria, frequency and urgency
-
top 3 causes of papillary necroisis
- Obstruction + pyelonephritis
- diabetes + pyelonephritis
- analgesic nephropathy
-
thyroidization of tubules
chronic pyelonephritis
-
xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis associated with what infection
proteus
-
blunting calyces
chronic pyelonephritis
-
moonshine predisposes one to what
- chronic urate nephropathy
- Pb from moonshine + gout
-
angulated and tubular casts, surrounded by m0
- light-chain cast nephropathy
- (can be seen with MM pts)
-
aspirated edematous fluid the foams on shaking
indicates exudate in that it contains protein (spec grav> 1.015)
-
"string of pearls" on IF
membranous GN
-
homogenous tan tumor with central scar
oncocytoma
-
MC renal tumor with tuberous sclerosis
angiomyolipoma- typically benign
-
nephrogenic rests
Wilms tumor (100% of bilateral)
-
cystic mass in newborn
renal dysplasia
-
granular IgA, IgG, IgM and complement depostition
- SLE nephropathy
- aka- the full house pattern
-
tubuloreticular body
seen in SLE nephritis class 4
-
Met proto-oncogene
Heriditary papillary cn
-
renal mass with uniform tan appearnace and little necrosis
- Chromophobe RCC
- **histologically, the cells will show a perinuclear halo and vesicles***
-
benign tumor of renal collecting duct cells
oncocytoma
-
common incidental finding tumor of kidney
- renal adenoma- potentially malignant
- papillary architecture
-
homogenous tan renal tumor with central scar
- oncocytoma or collecting ducts
- **abundant mtch***
-
MC renal tumor in tuberous sclerosis pts
angiomyolipoma- tumor of vessels SM and fat
-
benign fibroblastic tumor of renal medulla <5mm
renal medullary fibroma
-
"triphasic" (primitive tubules, glomeruli and mesenchymal elements) with large pleomorphic hyperchromatic nucleia and atypical mitosis
nephroblastoma
-
increased risk for bladded Sq cell cn
chronic irritation, schistosomiasis infection
-
FeNa
- (Una/Ucr)/(Pna/Pcr)
- <1%= prerenal, >2%=renal
-
-
severe decrease of 1,25-OH D is seen at GFR what
<30 ml/min
-
globular eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions
Mallory bodies, a sign of acute alcoholic hepatitis
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