FYS Exam 1

• Zoonosis has a reservoir and vertebrate is infected and transmits the disease. Usually infects and doesnt kill reservoir animal but makes humans ill or kills them
• --> Ex: Hanta virus: mice reservoir

• Vectors are arthropods, mosqitoes, invertebrates etc that transmit disease
• --> Ex: Rift Valley Fever

• ELISA
• Flourescent Antibody Test

You have a plate coated in antibodies. These antibodies are specific for whatever antigen youre looking for. Add the blood serum, wash the plate (assuming virus stuck to the antibodies) and add more antibodies, these ones with enzymes attached and wash the plate again. After this add a substrate and if there is a reaction and color change you have detected the antigen

Your body doesnt know what to do or how to make the antibodies

Becuase it is more error prone because the enzymes (such as reverse transcriptase) have very hgh mutation rates and the change from RNA to DNA is an extra step leaving more room for error

• Attenuated: live virus with a mutation that doesnt allow it to infect cells/reproduce/etc. and your body develops immunity. Ex: Up the nose serum flu vaccine
• --->PROS: Better immune response
• --->CONS: virus could mutate back and infect you
• Killed: dead virus
• --->PROS: cannot mutate
• --->CONS: not as effective as immune response

• Ebola
• Marburg
• BHF
• AHF

• Pulminary failure (non hemmorrhagic)
• outbreak due to high counts of nuts, therefore more mice (environmental factors control outbreaks)

• Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis
• Inflammation of your brain (non hemmorrhagic)
• spread by vector

• can manifest as hemmorrhagic fever in less than 2% of cases
• outbreak due to heavy rain (environmental factor) leading to much standing water and therefore more mosquitoes to spread it

• Deadly disease brought to america by europeans
• eradicated completely
• still samples contained in US and Russia

:)

A nonliving collection of lipids protein and nucleic acids that relies on (And can kill) the cells of a host to replicate

• Very first case of an outbreak
• not necessarily first reported case

• lvl 1: non pathogenic bacteria
• level 2: pathogenic agents that dont cause serious disease, not normally airbourne
• level 3: nasty diseases but have cure or not extremely contageous
• level 4: deadly diseases very contageous no cure

From a specific area