-
fusiform
- longitudinal parallel
- speed of contraction, range of motion
-
quadrate
four distinct sides
-
-
pennate
central tendon with fibers coming off at angle
-
epimysium
outer connective tissue covering
-
perimysium
surrounds bundles of muscle fibers
-
endomysium
encases muscle fibers individually
-
what are the three muscle fiber types needed to know?
- 1: SO, slow, high fatigue resistance
- IIa: FOG, fast, intermediate
- IIb: FG, very fast, low
-
sternocleidomastoid
- O: manubrium of sternum and clavicle
- I: mastoid process of temperal bone
- A: flexion, later flexion to same side, rotation to opposite side
-
muscles of the neck (anterior)
- scalenes group around 1st rib
- longus capitus occipital area
- rectus capitus ant, occipital area
-
muscles of the neck (posterior)
- rectus capitus pos: extension, rotation, occiptal area
- splenius cervicis: cervical region
-
subclavius
- O: 1st rib
- I: inferior middle surface of the clavicle
- A: depresses clavicle, stabilizes shoulder girdle
-
pectoralis minor
- O: ribs 3-5
- I: coracoid process of the scapula
- A: depression, downward rotation, protraction
-
serratus anterior (boxers muscle)
- O: ribs 1-9
- I: anterior vertebral border of the scapula
- A: protraction, upward rotation
-
levator scapula
- O: cervical vertebrae 1-4
- I: vertebral border of the scapula
- A: elevation, assists in retraction and downward rotation
-
rhomboids
- O: C7-T5
- I: vertebral border of scapula
- A: retraction, downward rotation, elevation
-
trapezius
- O: occipical protuberance to C7-T12
- I: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion process of scapula, and spine of the scapula
- A: elevation, depression, retraction, upward rotation
-
deltoid
- 1. Anterior: O: lateral 1/3 of clavicle
- I: deltoid tuberosity
- A: flexion, internal rotation
- 2. Middle: O: acromion process
- I: DT
- A: abduction
- 3. Posterior: O: spine of scapula
- I: DT
- A: extension (hyper) external rotation
-
supraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)
- O: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
- I: greater tuberosity of the humerus
- A: abduction, stabilization
-
coracobrachialis
- O: coracoid process of the scapula
- I: midway down humerus-anteromedial surface
- A: flexion, adduction
-
pectoralis major
- O: clavicle, sternum
- I: lateral lip of intertubercular groove
- A: adduction, internal rotation, flexion, horizontal adduction
-
subscapularis (rotator cuff muscle)
- O: subscapular fossa of the scapula
- I: lesser tuberosity of the humerus
- A: internal rotation, stabilization
-
teres major
- O: posterior lower 1/3 of axillary border of the scapula
- I: medial lip of intertubercular groove
- A: internal rotation, adduction, extension
-
latissimus dorsi (swimmers muscle)
- O: T7-L5, iliac crest
- I: intertubercular groove
- A: adduction, internal rotation, extension
-
infraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)
- O: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
- I: greater tuberosity
- A: external rotation, horizontal abduction, stabilization
-
teres minor (rotator cuff muscle)
- O: upper 2/3 of axillary border of scapula
- I: greater tuberosity
- A: external rotation, stabilization
-
biceps brachii (biarticular)
- O: long head- supraglenoid tubercle
- short head- coracoid process
- I: radial tuberosity
- A: elbow and shoulder flexion, supination
-
triceps brachii (biarticular)
- O: long head-infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- lateral head-upper lateral-posterior 1/2 of humerus
- medial head-lower 2/3 of medial-posterior humerus
- I: olecranon process
- A: elbow and shoulder extension
-
brachialis
- O: lower 1/3 of anterior part of humerus
- I: coronoid process
- A: elbow flexion
-
bracioradialis
- O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
- I: styloid process of radius
- A: elbow flexion
-
anconeus
- O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
- I: olecranon process
- A: elbow extension, assists triceps
-
supinator
- O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, proximal end of ulna
- I: upper lateral 1/3 of radius
- A: supination
-
pronator teres
- O: medial epicondyle of humerus
- I: middle of later side of radius
- A: pronation
-
pronator quadratus
- O: lower 1/4 of ulna
- I: lower 1/4 of radius
- A: pronation
-
Name the types of muscles associated with each action:
abduction
adduction
extension
flexion
opposition
- abductors
- adductors
- extensors
- flexors
- oppenens
-
name the muscle associated with each finger:
little finger
all fingers
index finger
thumb
2nd/3rd metacarpal
5th metacarpal
- digiti minimi
- digitorum
- indicis
- pollicis
- carpi radialis
- carpi ulnaris
-
Which are flexors and which extensors?
lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, palmar side, dorsal side
- Flexors: medial epicondyle, palmar side
- extensors: lateral epicondyle, dorsal side
-
-
longus
acts on 2 or more (multi-joint)
-
muscles of the thumb
- abductor pollicis brevis
- abductor pollicis longus
- adductor pollicis
- flexor pollicis brevis
- flexor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis brevis
- extensor pollicis longus
- opponens pollicis
- 8 muscles total
-
muscles of the little finger
- abductor digiti minimi
- flexor digiti minimi brevis
- extensor digiti minimi
- opponens digiti minimi
-
wrist/finger flexors
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor carpi radialis
- flexor carpi ulnaris
- flexor digitorum superficialis
- palmaris longus
-
wrist/finger extensors
- extensor indicis
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- extensor carpi ulnaris
- extensor digitorum
- palmar interossei-adducts fingers
- dorsal interossei-abducts fingers
-
what muscles contribute to radial deviation?
- abductor pollicis longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- flexor carpi radialis
-
what muscles contribute to ulnar deviation
- extensor carpi ulnaris
- flexor carpi ulnaris
-
lumbricals
- Location: tendons of the hand
- Action: metacarpophalangeal joint flexion and finger extension
-
palmaris longus
- Location: medial epicondyle to the palm
- Action: wrist flexion
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