Chemistry Ch.4

• A molecule with a permenant dipole moment 
• Negative and Positive ends

Interaction between solute particles and water moleules

Substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution 

Dissolving medium in a solution

Ability to conduct electricity 

A material that when dissolved in water, creates a solution that conducts electricity very effectively

A material that when dissolved in water, creates a solution that conducts electricity poorly

A material that when dissolved in water, creates a solution that does not conduct electricity

Amount of substance that dissolves in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature 

• Produces H⁺ ions in a solution
• Proton donor

• Produces OH^- ions in an aqueous solution
• Accepts Protons

Acid that completely dissociates to produce an H⁺ ion and a conjugate base

A Metal hydroxide salt that completely disssociates its ions in water

An acid that dissociates only slightly in an aqueous solution

Base that reacts with water to produce hydroxide ions to only a slight extent in an aqueous solution 

Number of moles per volume (mols/L)

Solution whose concenration is acurately known

The process of adding solvent to the lower concentration of solute in a solution

A reaction in which an insoluble substance forms and separates from the solution 

• Equation that represents a raction in solution showing the reactants and products in undissociated form
• Whether they are strong or weak electrolytes 

Equation that shows all substances that are strong electrolytes as ions 

Ion present in a solution that does not actively participate in the reaction

An Equation where strog electrolytes are written as ions showing only components that are directly involved in the chamical change

Method to sepreate metal ions by using a reagent whose anion forms a precipitate with only a few of the ions in the solution

Separation and identifictaion of individual ions from a mixture

An acid-base reaction

Titration of one solution with another

technique in which one solution is used to analyze another

Point during a titration when enough titrant has been added to react exactly with the solution being titrated

• Chemical that changes color
• Used to mark the endpoint in a titratiom

Point in titration in which the indicator changes color

Reaction in which one or more elctrons are transfered

Increase in Oxidation state ( a loss of electrons)

Decrease in Oxiodation state (gain of elctrons)

Accepts electrons from another reactant

Donates electrons to anther substance to reduce the state of one of its ataoms

• The two parts of a redox reaction
• one part represents oxidation the other part represents reduction