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Composition of the skeletal system include
- Bones
- Joints with cartilage, tendons and ligaments
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What are the 3 basic types of cartaliage?
- Hyaline
- Elastic cartaliage
- Fibrocartaliage
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Hyaline carataliage:
- it provides firm support with some flexability
- a) articular cartaliages covers the ends of bones at moveable joints (articulation is a joint)
- b) costal cartialages connects ribs to the sternum (costa=rib, costal cartialiage allows for flexability. ex-CPR)
- c) respitory tract, voice box and nasal areas (ex-cartaliage in the nose)
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Elastic cartaliage:
- Stretch flexability
- ears, epiglottis
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Fibrocartilage:
- strength from collagen fibers but cushioning ability also (very thick and visable)
- a) padlike cartaliage of the knee (menisci)
- b) the discs between vertebrae (as people get older they loose there fibrocartaliage which makes them shrink)
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What are the different functions of bones?
- support
- movment
- protection
- mineral storage
- blood cell formation
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What are the different classifications of bones? (shape is important; not size)
- Long Bones: elongated with shaft + two ends (they function as levers ex-humerus)
- Short Bones: roughly cube shaped (ankle and wrist bones) is typically a gliding motion
- Flat Bones: skull, ribs, sternum (ex-sternum provides protection; scapula is the shoulder blade and it provides muscle attachment)
- Irregular Bones: Vertebrae, hip bones (things are going to fit into the irregularities)
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What are the bone tissue types?
- Compact: smooth and solid apperance (ex-protection) outter casing tough filled with minerals in ECF
- Spongy: honeycomb (ex- skull bone) this space is used to defuse force which is a form of protection.
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The structure of long bones include:
- Diaphysis (shaft)
- Epiphysis (expanded end area)
- Blood vessels
- Medullary cavity
- Membranes
- Compact and spongy
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