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This process makes it possible for orgainisms to reproduce asexually.
Mitosis
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________ reproduction produces greater genetic variation that ________ reproduction.
Sexual ; asexual
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Meiosis occurs where?
In gametes (testes and ovaries)
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Normal human gametes carry _____ chromosomes.
23
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Bacteria divide by:
binary fission
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The first step of bacterial replication is _______ ____________.
DNA replication
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Replication of chromosomal DNA occurs
before a cell divides.
-
Cell division consists of processes:
mitosis and cytokinesis
-
Mitosis is divided into five phases:
prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
-
When the cytoplasm splits to form two separate daughter cells this is called
Cytokinesis
-
Nucleoli are present during
interphase
-
The majority of a cell's time is spent in what phase?
Interphase
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A lump of abnormal cells that, although growing out of control, remains at its original site of growth.
A benign tumor
-
An abnormally growing mass of cells that is actively spreading throughout the body.
A malignant tumor
-
The spread of cancer cells from their site of origin to other sites in the body.
Metastasis
-
An individual with a malignant tumor is said to have
cancer.
-
What is the most common type of cancer?
Carcinoma
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What process would be occuring in your hand right now?
Mitosis- this goes on continuously in most parts of the body, whereas meiosis takes place only in the gonads.
-
What is the point of attachment between two duplicated chromosomes?
Centromere
-
A sperm fertilizes an egg which produces a
zygote.
-
When chromosomes don't separate resulting in gamates having either too many or too few chromosomes
Nondisjunction
-
Turner syndrome individuals have only one x chromosome and are
female.
-
What is the creation of genetically identical offspring by a lone parent?
Asexual reproduction
-
The creation of genticially unique offspring by two parents
is sexual reproduction.
-
What do you call the fusion of two haploid sex cells (sperm and egg) to form a diploid cell?
Fertilization
-
What do you call the splitting off of new individuals from outgrowths of existing ones?
Budding
-
Reproductive systems with external fertilization are most common in
aquatic populations.
-
A sperm cell's acrosome function is what?
It contaions enzymes that are released when the sperm encounters an egg and dissolves a hole in the jelly-like matrix that surrounds the egg.
-
When does the human embryo implant in the wall of the uterus?
About a week after conception.
-
What are the mammalian group that lay eggs?
Monotremes
-
Angiosperms are ____________ ______________.
flowering plants
-
Ovules develop into what?
Seeds.
-
Ovaries in plants develop into what?
Fruit.
-
From the point of view of an angiosperm, what is the function of fruit?
Mechanism for dispersal of seeds.
-
This genetic disorder causes red blood cells to assume an unusual shape and produce abnormal hemoglobin proteins.
sickle-cell disease.
-
DNA consists of two complementary strands of _________ twisted together to form a ________ __________.
Nucleotides, double helix
-
An adenine of one strand always pairs with a ________ of the complementary strand, and a guanine of one strand always pairs with a __________ of the complementary strand.
Thymine, cytosine
-
Which is the largest unit of DNA organization?
Genome
-
How many polynucleotides are found in one molecule of DNA?
-
Which of the following make up the backbone of a polynucleotide strand?
sugar and phosphate
-
How many polynucleotides are found in one molecule of DNA?
two
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