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What is a generalized scaling disorder that may be accompanied by excessively dry or oily skin?
Seborrhoea
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What are the sequels to the development of scales?
- Changes in bacterial flora
- Increase in numbers of Malassezia
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What are some causes of metabolic seborrhoea?
- Endocrine disorders
- Deficiency in essential fatty acids
- Zinc deficiency
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In what breeds of dogs is primary idiopathic seborrhoea most commonly seen?
- Cocker spaniel
- Irish setter
- Basset hound
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What congenital skin disease is characterized by development of tightly adherent scales and is seen in West highlands, yorkshire terriers, jack russels, and golden retrievers?
Ichthyosis (fish scale disease)
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What is an inflammatory disease centered around sebaceous glands and causes scaling, loss of hair, and loss of the crimp of the hair?
Sebaceous adenitis (poodles, vizlas, japanese akitas, and belgian shepherds)
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What should you do before making a diagnosis of idiopathic seborrhoea?
Exhaust every other possibility first
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What agents in shampoos are effective against seborrhoeic conditions?
- Salicyclic acid
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Selenium sluphide
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What are the two main types of immune mediated dermatosis?
- Autoimmune reactions against skin components
- Immune complexes develop which damage the skin
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What are some diagnostic aids in immune mediated dermatoses?
- Histopath (primary lesion)
- Cytology (acantholytic cells
- Direct immunofluorescence (deposition of immunoglobulin)
- Indirect immunofluorescence
- Serotological tests
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What are the three main presentations of autoimmune disease?
- Superficial pustular disease (Pemiphigus foliaceous)
- Ulcerative diseases (PV, BP, EBA)
- Symmetrical scaling and crusting diseases (SLE, DLE, PE)
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What disease has scaling and crusting lesions appearing at 3-36 months of age on the face, ears, back, hocks and scrotum of german shorthaired pointers?
Hereditary Lupoid Dermatosis
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What is the most common form of drug eruptions?
Urticara/angioedema
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What should you always do in all cases of suspected autoimmune disease?
Take a careful drug history
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What condition is characterized by "target" or "bulls eye" lesions with necrosis of the basal cells of the epidermis?
Erythema multiforme (EM)
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What is an immune complex disease in which deposition of complexes in the vessel wall results in adherence of neutrophils and damage to the vessels?
Vasculitis
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What type of tumors account for all tumors in the dog and cat?
Skin tumors
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What are some predisposing causes to otitis?
- Conformation
- Obstructive ear disease
- Maceration
- Iatrogenic
- Immunodeficient
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What are some primary causes of otitis?
- Parasitic
- Allergic
- Foreign bodies
- Seborrhoea
- Autoimmune disease
- Juvenile pyoderma
- Skin diseases
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What are some secondary causes of otitis?
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What are some perpetuating causes of otitis?
- Progressive pathological changes
- Otitis media
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What should you assume if you can't view the tympanic membrane?
It has ruptured and you are worried about ototoxicity
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What should you use as anti-inflammatory treatment in otitis externa that is contraindicated in most other pyodermas?
Corticosteroids
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What are the two types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?
- Cutaneous asthenia (collagen and elastin abnormal)
- Ehlers-Danlos (collagen abnormal)
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In what breeds of dogs is acral lick dermatitis most common?
- Labradors
- Dobermanns
- Large breeds
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In what breeds of cats is feline psychogenic alopecia most common?
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What type of dermatitis affects white breeds around the nose, ears and eyes and can lead to squamous cell carcinomas?
Solar dermatitis
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What disease is characterized by crusting and infected fissures developing involving the footpads, nose and periorally (Histopath reveals red, white and blue appearance of epidermis)?
Necrolytic Migratory Erythema
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What is an infection of the claw bed?
Paronychia
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What is abnormal claw formation?
Onychodystrophy
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What is sloughing of the claws?
Onychomedesis
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