Davies- Evaluation for Pericarditis

With M-mode, constrictive pericarditis is best identified by a

rapid early mitral E-F slope
reduced LVPW amplitude
flattening of mid to late LVPW motion
reduced IVS amplitude

T/F:  Echo free space noted anteriorly but not posteriorly should alwasy be considered pericardial effusions?

T/F:  Of the following, which is/are echo criteria of cardiac tamponade?

increase in RV size with inspiration
posterior motion of the anterior RV wall in diastole
early diastolic indention of the RV
flattening of the mitral E-F slope

The differentiation between pleural effusion and pericardial effusion cannot be assisted by:

double echo-free space posterior to the LV
anterior echo-free space
paradoxical septal motion
scan from apex to base

T/F:  Pitfalls to be avoided when looking for pericardial effusions with M-mode include:

setting gain too high
mistaking the descending aorta
directing the beam too lateral and picking up reverberations
noting anterior echo-free space only

T/F:  The characteristics used to distinguish between pericardial fat and pericardial effusion are

density of echo
consistent distance between the pericardium and epicardium throughtout the cardiac cycle
distance greater than 2mm between the pericardium and the epicardium
anterior motion of the LV pulmonary wedge pericardium during systole