Almost all energy sources are converted by the digestive system to
glucose
How is ATP made?
The primary purpose of digestion is to convert the large molecules contained in macronutrients to small molecules.
The small molecules are then converted to glucose which circulates in the bloodstream.
Glucose is converted to ATP inside of cells
Glucose may be stored as glycogen in the what
liver and muscles, and used later when needed.
Or, glucose my circulate in the blood to meet the body's immediate needs.
Vitamins are called
cofactors
Vitamins work in a similar fashion to help speed up essential
chemical reactions in cells
What vitamins are water-soluble?
B and C
What acid is essential during pregnancy to avoid nervous system abnormalities in the child, and is needed throughout life for the normal formation of cells.
Folic acid
What are the two major categories of vitamins
fat-soluble
Water-soluble
Vitamin A is needed for
vision
Vitamin D is needed for
bone formation
Vitamin K is needed for
blood clotting
Vitamin C is needed for
collagen synthesis in connective tissues
What is the function of flouride
Structure of teeth and bones
What is the function of chromium
Efficient us of insulin
What is the funtion of Iron
Oxygen and electron transport; heme group of hemoglobin
what is the function of Iodine
Constituent of thryoid hormones
Iron deficiency produces and
Anemia- a lack of oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood.