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diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Ethanolamines
Action:(Antihistimine) blocks the action of histamine by comepting with it for the H1 receptor sites on the 'effector structures'
Uses: (antihistamines) used for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)
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promethazine (Phenergan)
phenothiazine
Action:(Antihistimine) blocks the action of histamine by comepting with it for the H1 receptor sites on the 'effector structures'
Uses: (antihistamines) used for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)
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cetirizine (Zyrtec)
piperidines
Action:(Antihistimine) blocks the action of histamine by comepting with it for the H1 receptor sites on the 'effector structures'
Uses: (antihistamines) used for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)
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fexofenadine (Allegra)
piperidines
Action:(Antihistimine) blocks the action of histamine by comepting with it for the H1 receptor sites on the 'effector structures'
Uses: (antihistamines) used for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)
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loratadine (Claritin)
piperidines
Action:(Antihistimine) blocks the action of histamine by comepting with it for the H1 receptor sites on the 'effector structures'
Uses: (antihistamines) used for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)
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hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
piperazine
Action:(Antihistimine) blocks the action of histamine by comepting with it for the H1 receptor sites on the 'effector structures'
Uses: (antihistamines) used for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)
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codeine phosphate
narcotic antitussives
Action: suppress the cough reflex by acting directly on the cough center in the medulla of the brain
Uses: for the relief of overactive or nonproductive coughs
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hydrocodone (Hycodan)
narcotic antitussives
Action: suppress the cough reflex by acting directly on the cough center in the medulla of the brain
Uses: for the relief of overactive or nonproductive coughs
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albuterol (Proventil)
sympathomimetic bronchodilator
Action: relax the smooth muscle cells of the bronchi by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors. also stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, which produces a vasoconstriction response through the body
Uses: relief of symptoms of bronchospasm occurring in acute and chronic asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema (COPD)
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epinephrine (Adrenalin Chloride)
sympathomimetic bronchodilator
Action: relax the smooth muscle cells of the bronchi by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors. also stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, which produces a vasoconstriction response through the body
Uses: relief of symptoms of bronchospasm occurring in acute and chronic asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema (COPD)
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theophylline (Elixophyllin)
xanthine derivatives
Action: relax the smooth muscle cells in the bronchi and blood vessels in the lungs. act directly on the kidneys to produce diuresis. myocardial stimulation, increased rate of breathing, effects on metabolism, and release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla
Uses: adjunctive therapy to treat the symptoms of bronchospasm in acute/chronic bronchial asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema and in treating neonatal apnea. treat acute pulmonary edema by promoting bronchodilation and diuresis
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montelukast sodium (Singulair)
leukotriene receptor inhibitor
Action: block receptors for the cysteinyl leukotirenes C4, D4, and E4
Uses: substitutes for inhaled glucocorticoid therapy in pts with mild, persistant asthma who cannot take inhaled medications
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methylprednisolone (Medrol)
corticosteroid: systemic
Action: (corticosteroid) block the reaction to allergens and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. inhibit cytokine production, protein activation, and inflammatory cell migration and activation
Uses: (corticosteroid: systemic) quick control of asthma when beginning long-term therapy. speed recovery from moderate to severe episodes and to prevent more episodes
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prednisolone (Pediapred, Delta-Cortef)
corticosteroid: systemic
Action: (corticosteroid) block the reaction to allergens and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. inhibit cytokine production, protein activation, and inflammatory cell migration and activation
Uses: (corticosteroid: systemic) quick control of asthma when beginning long-term therapy. speed recovery from moderate to severe episodes and to prevent more episodes
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prednisone (Meticorten)
corticosteroid: systemic
Action: (corticosteroid) block the reaction to allergens and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. inhibit cytokine production, protein activation, and inflammatory cell migration and activation
Uses: (corticosteroid: systemic) quick control of asthma when beginning long-term therapy. speed recovery from moderate to severe episodes and to prevent more episodes
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budesonide (Pulmicort)
corticosteroid: inhaled
Action: (corticosteroid) block the reaction to allergens and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. inhibit cytokine production, protein activation, and inflammatory cell migration and activation
Uses: (corticosteroid: inhaled) long-term control of asthma. reduce the need for oral corticosteroids
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fluticasone (Flovent, Flonase)
corticosteroid: inhaled
Action: (corticosteroid) block the reaction to allergens and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. inhibit cytokine production, protein activation, and inflammatory cell migration and activation
Uses: (corticosteroid: inhaled) long-term control of asthma. reduce the need for oral corticosteroids
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triamcinolone (Azmacort)
corticosteroid: inhaled
Action: (corticosteroid) block the reaction to allergens and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. inhibit cytokine production, protein activation, and inflammatory cell migration and activation
Uses: (corticosteroid: inhaled) long-term control of asthma. reduce the need for oral corticosteroids
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oxymetazoline (Afrin)
decongestant
Action: directly affect the alpha receptors of blood vessels in the nasalmucosaa, causing vasoconstriction
Uses: reliev nasal congestion that accompanies allergies and upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs)
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pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
decongestant
Action: directly affect the alpha receptors of blood vessels in the nasalmucosaa, causing vasoconstriction
Uses: reliev nasal congestion that accompanies allergies and upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs)
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ipratropium (Atrovent)
sympathomimetic bronchodilator
Action: relax the smooth muscle cells of the bronchi by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors. also stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, which produces a vasoconstriction response through the body
Uses: relief of symptoms of bronchospasm occurring in acute and chronic asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema (COPD)
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levalbuterol (Xopenex)
sympathomimetic bronchodilator
Action: relax the smooth muscle cells of the bronchi by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors. also stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, which produces a vasoconstriction response through the body
Uses: relief of symptoms of bronchospasm occurring in acute and chronic asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema (COPD)
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guaifenesin (Robitussin, Mucinex, Mytussin)
expectorant
Action: decrease the thickness of respiratory secretions and aid in their removal
Uses: treat symptoms of productive cough
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amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (Augmentin)
aminopenicillins: broad-spectrum penicillins
Action: (penicillins) interferes with creation of the mucopeptide cell wall
Uses: (penicillins) drug of choice for gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. prophylactic treatment against bacterial endocarditis in pts with rheumatic or congenital heart disease before they have dental procedures or surgery of the upper respiratory tract, GI tract, or genitourinary tract. may be useful against organisms used by terrorists as bioweapons
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ampicillin (Unasyn)
aminopenicillins: broad-spectrum penicillins
Action: (penicillins) interferes with creation of the mucopeptide cell wall
Uses: (penicillins) drug of choice for gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. prophylactic treatment against bacterial endocarditis in pts with rheumatic or congenital heart disease before they have dental procedures or surgery of the upper respiratory tract, GI tract, or genitourinary tract. may be useful against organisms used by terrorists as bioweapons
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piperacillin (Zosyn)
extended spectrum penicillin
Action: (penicillins) interferes with creation of the mucopeptide cell wall
Uses: (penicillins) drug of choice for gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. prophylactic treatment against bacterial endocarditis in pts with rheumatic or congenital heart disease before they have dental procedures or surgery of the upper respiratory tract, GI tract, or genitourinary tract. may be useful against organisms used by terrorists as bioweapons
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sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim DS)
sulfonamide
Action: bacteriostatic effect against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative mico-organisms by inhibiting folic acid synthesis
Uses: usually used to treat acute/chronic UTI, trachoma, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, toxoplasmosis, acute otitis media, and prophylactic therapyh in cases of recurrent rheumatic fever, ulcerative colitis, dermatitis herbetiformis
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gentamicin (Garamycin)
broad-spectrum antibiotic
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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cephalexin (Keflex)
1st generation cephalosporin
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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cefoxitin (Mefoxin)
2nd generation cephalosporin
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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cefuroxime (Ceftin)
2nd generation cephalosporin
- Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
- Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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cefdinir (Omnicef)
3rd generation cephalosporin
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
3rd generation cephalosporin
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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clindamycin (Cleocin)
lincosamide
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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vancomycin (Vancocin)
broad-spectrum antibiotic
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
fluoroquinolones
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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levofloxacin (Levaquin)
fluoroquinolones
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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erythromycin (EES, E-Mycin)
macrolide
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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azithromcyin (Zithromax)
macrolide
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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doxycycline (Vibramycin)
tetracycline
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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tetracycline (Emtet)
tetracycline
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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metronidazole (Flagyl)
amebicide
Action: destroy the invading amoeba usually contracted when eating unwashed fruits or vegetables imported from other countries or traveling abroad
Uses: primary therapy for both intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis
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acyclovir (Zovirax)
- antiviral
-
- Uses: herpes zoster, herpes simples, genital herpes, varicell, cytomegalovirus retinits, used in immunocompromised patient with HIV infection or for adults and children at risk
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valacyclovir (Valtrex)
antiviral
Uses: herpes zoster, herpes simples, genital herpes, varicell, cytomegalovirus retinits, used in immunocompromised patient with HIV infection or for adults and children at risk
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oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
antiviral
Uses: herpes zoster, herpes simples, genital herpes, varicell, cytomegalovirus retinits, used in immunocompromised patient with HIV infection or for adults and children at risk
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nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrolide)
nitrofuran, antibiotic
Action: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) may attack a bacterium's internal cell process, or destroy the external cell wall. may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic
Uses: (broad-spectrum antibiotic) treat infections cause by certain susceptible organisms.
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amphotericin B (Amphotec)
antifungal
Action: polyene antibiotic with fungisttic or fungicidal activity. may allow intracellular components to leak through fungal cell membrane by binding to sterols in cell membrane
Uses: treat intestinal, vaginal and oral fungal infections caused by susceptible strains of candida albicans and other candida species
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fluconazole (Diflucan)
antifungal
Action: polyene antibiotic with fungisttic or fungicidal activity. may allow intracellular components to leak through fungal cell membrane by binding to sterols in cell membrane
Uses: treat intestinal, vaginal and oral fungal infections caused by susceptible strains of candida albicans and other candida species
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nystatin (Mycostatin)
antifungal
Action: polyene antibiotic with fungisttic or fungicidal activity. may allow intracellular components to leak through fungal cell membrane by binding to sterols in cell membrane
Uses: treat intestinal, vaginal and oral fungal infections caused by susceptible strains of candida albicans and other candida species
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