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antihistamine
relief of effective histamine on body organs and structures
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perennial non-allergenic rhinitis
inflammation of mucous membranes in nose caused by problems other than allergies
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seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR)
pt has a reaction to either outdoor (SAR) or indoor allergens (PAR)
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anti-tussives
drugs used to relieve coughing
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bronchodialator
given to open bronchi and to allow air to pass through more easily
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bronchiospasm
narrowing or collapse of the bronchial airway
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contraindications
factors that rule out the use of a drug
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precautions
factors that indicate a drug should be used with great care
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expectorants
agents thast decrease the thickness of respiratory secretions and aid in their removal
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histamine
a chemical that the body produces that causes and inflammatory response
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leukotriene receptor inhibitors
used in treating asthma, block receptors for cysteinyl leukotrienes C4, D4 and E4 (Singulair)
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cysteinyl leukotrienes
potential bronchioconstricotrs
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ototoxic
drugs that may damage hearing
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prophylaxis
prevention or protection against disease
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rebound effect
an increase in the symptom you are trying to stop
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rebound vasodialation
increase in blood flow leading to further congestion (commonly seen with prolonged use with nasal decongestant sprays
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refractoriness
lack of response to a drug that a pt has used before with good effectiveness
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sympathomimetics
beta-androgenic agents dialate bronchi through their actions on beta-andrenergic receptors
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wheezing
as some air is forced out through the mucous lined passages, a musical respiratory sound is heard
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xanthines
act directly to relax smooth muscle cells of the bronchi thereby dialating or opening the bronchi
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antibiotic
chemicals that kill or damage pathogenic organisms and ar made from other living organisms such as penicillin
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antimicrobial
chemicals that kill or damage pathogenic organisms
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bacteriocidal
agents that kill bacteria
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bacteriostatic
limit or slow growth of bacteria, weakening or eventually leading to death of the bacteria
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broad-spectrum drugs
drugs that are affective against a wide variety of organisms
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generation
each new group of drugs developed from similar drugs
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helminthiasis
an infestation of worms
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narrow-spectrum drugs
drugs that are affective against only a few organisms
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pathogens
an organism that causes infection
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spectrum
the number of organisms the medication is effective against
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superinfection
when other organisms that are not susceptible to a prescribed antibiotic are able to multiply, overgrow and get out of control because the antibiotic has also killed the organisms that would have kept them under control
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aquired immunodeficiency
a disease caused by breakdown of the immune system leaving the pt unable to fight infection
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anti-fungal medications
medications used PO/IV/TOP/PV to treat mycotic infections
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anti-retroviral
important group of drugs that slow the growth or prevent the duplication of retroviruses
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human immunodeficiency virus
retrovirus that causes AIDS
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mycotic infection
a fungal infection
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fungus
a plant-like organism that feeds on organic matter and produces a yeast-like or mold-like disease
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virions
rudimentary virus particles. bud from host cell membranes in order to infect new host cells
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anorectal preparations
emolients, foams and gels for topical anesthesia and healing of the rectal area
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anti-glaucoma agents
medications used to reduce secretion of aqueous humor in the eye, produce complete paralysis, aid in diagnostic procedurs, provide iris sphyncter contraction, and act as a cholinergic agonist to reduce inter-ocular pressure
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anti-psoriatic
accelorate scaleing and healing of dry lesions in chronic psoriasis
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antiseptic
compounds capable of preventic infections
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mydriasis
abnormal dilation or opening of the pupil
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pediculocides
used to treat pediculosis-and infestation of lice seen mostly in children
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scabicides
applied to skin and hair to treat scabies
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vasoconstrictor
cause the direct stimulation of alpha-receptors of vascular smooth muscle leading to vasoconstriction
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