Honors Bio

Animal cells that "ingest" bacteria and viruses that invade the body.

Bursting of a cell due to water diffusing into it.

Carrier protien that actively transports sodium ions and potassium ions up their concentration gradients.

Well-defined intracellular bodies that perform specific functions for the cell.

Concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal.

Region of the cell that is within the plasma membrane that contains the fluid, cytoskeleton, and organelles except the nucleus.

Densely packed, coiled chromatin strands that signal a cell is about to divide.

Double membrane of the nucleus.

Endocytosis of large particles or whole cells.

Endocytosis of solutes or fluids.

Equal concentration of molecules throughout a space.

Fluid-filled organelles that store enzymes and metabolic wastes for plant cells.

Group of organs that work together to perform a set of related tasks.

Groups of cells that carry out a specific functions.

Hair like organelles that are long and less numerous on a cell then cilia.

Large organelle near the center of the cell: controls most of the functions of the eukaryotic cells.

Largest strands of the cytoskeleton; hollow tubes that extend outward from a central point near the nucleus.

Major component of the cytoskeleton; threads made of actin molecules linked together.

Membrane-bound organelle formed by pinching off of the cell membrane during endocytosis.

Membrane protiens for passive transport of ions, such as calcium ions or chloride ions.

Movement across the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell.

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Network of thin tubes and filaments that crisscross the cytosol.

Organelles that collect and remove excess water from the cell.

Organisms whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.

Passive transport for molecules that cannot diffuse rapidly through cell membranes on their own.

Plant organelles that contain DNA and are surrounded by two membranes; some contain pigments that absorb light.

Plastid in which the energy of sunlight is converted into chemical energy in organic compunds.

Organelles made of protein and RNA that direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.

Pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall.

Process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles.

Process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Process of water leaving the cell through osmosis so that cells shrink away from the cell walls.

Processing, packaging, and secreting organelle of the cell; series of flattened sacs.

Reverse of endocytosis; fusion of vesicles with the cell membrane to release their contents to the cell exterior.

Rigid layer that lies outside the cell's plasma membrane.

Scientific theory that describes cells as the basic unit of all living things.

Several types of tissues that interact to perform a specific function.

Short, hair-like projections from the surface of a cell; where present, there are large numbers of them covering the cell's surface.

Site of chemical reactions that transfer energy from organic compounds to ATP.

Dense area of the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is made.

Term referring to a solution when the concentration of solute molecules is higher than the concentration in the cytosol.

Vesicles that bud from the Golgi apparatus and that contain digestive enzymes.

Smallest unit of matter that can carry on all of the processes of life.

Specific membrane proteins that assist in facilitated diffusion.

System of flattened, membranous sacs inside the chloroplast.

System of membranous tubules and saces; two types smooth and rough.

Outer boundary of a cell that acts as a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.

Trasport across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to a higher concentration; requires the expenditure of energy.

Part of the cytoplasm that includes molecules and small particles; 20% made of protein.

Unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.

Term referring to a solution when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cyosol.

Differences in the concentration of molecules across a distance.

Double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes.

Consist of two short cylinders of microtubules at right angles to each toher and are situated in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope.

The main molecule that absorbs light and captures light energy for the cell.