neuro exam 2

• radial symmetry, has a nerve net for nerve system, conduct impulses throughout entire body
• synapses communicate bidirectionally, have simple receptors for light, balance, chemical detection, touch

has a paired ventral nerve crod and primitive brain, segements with ganglion in each, brain connected to first ventral ganglion, each segmented ganglion gets sensory info and local control of muscle

• anterior fused to form more complex brain, brain connected to first ventral ganglion, double nerve chord extends from first gnaglion to segmented ganglia down the whole body
• has two specialized ganglion
• subesophgeal ganglion: controls mouth parts
• stomatogastric ganglia: controls vicera
• some activities regulated by central pattern generators

• up to 6 ganglia
• each associated with certain motor/sensory function, very large neurons ideal for experiments

• myelincephalon
• for basic functions like breathing, heart rate, blood pressure
• place where many cranial nerves enter and exit

• metencephalon
• motor control, reticular activating system

• metencephalon
• "little brain"
• for movement, balance, posture

• mesencephalon
• includes tectum, tegmentum, and red nucleus (motor centers)
• for vision, audition, eye movement, body movement, arousal/attention

• diencephalon
• controls body temperature, feeding, drinking, pituitary (hormones), circadiam rhythms, emotions

• in mesencephalon
• auditory and visual reflexes

• mesencephalon
• involved in unconscious homeostatic and reflexive pathways

• diencephalon
• receives sensory info from lower areas and relays info to cerebral cortext (can transmit signals back down to lower parts)
• integrates sensory and motor function

• telecephalon?
• sticks forward out of the brain
• has areas where it connects to hypothalamus and cortext (reason why smell is strong sense feeling wise
• for smell

• telencephalon
• includes amygdala, hippocampus, mammillary bodies and cingulate gyrus
• control emotional response

• telencephalon
• include globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, subthalamic nucleus, putamen, and substantia nigra
• important for coordinating movement

connects left and right cerebral hemispheres together

• part of cerebral cortex
• for sensory perception, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning, conscious thought, and language

• telencephalon
• part of limbic system for learning and memory

• telencephalon
• bumps are called gyrus and groves area called sulcus
• functions to thought, voluntary movement, language, reasoning, perception, awareness