-
-
Coulter employs what type of methodology?
Electrical impedance
-
The height of each pulse is proportional to what? What is this called?
- The volume/size of each cell in fL
- Coulter principle
-
This preserves cell shape in the coulter counter.
Isotonic conductive solution
-
The number of pulses corresponds to what?
Number of cells
-
This produces a coincidence error that is automatically corrected.
Two or more cells passing thru the aperture simultaneously
-
This excludes pulses below or above the adjustable height of the counters.
Threshold setting or pulse discriminator
-
What are the two counting chambers and what do they count?
- RBC bath (RBCs and Plt)
- WBC bath (WBC and Hgb)
-
This is measured colorimetrically at 540nm.
Hemoglobin
-
How many apertures are used for counting?
Three
-
If all three results disagree, none are accepted what is this called?
Vote out (---)
-
What are the components of a three part differential?
- Lymphocytes
- Mononuclears
- Granulocytes
-
Which differential uses VCS technology?
Five part WBC differential
-
What does VCS stand for?
- Volume
- Conductivity
- Light Scatter
-
This part of VCS is based on electronic impedance and provides information on size of cells.
V-volume
-
This part of VCS uses high-frequency electromagnetic probe that provides information on internal constituents.
C-Conductivity
-
This part of VCS helps differentiate between cells of like sizes.
C-Conductivity
-
This part of VCS uses monochromatic light scatter at a forward angle.
S-light scatter
-
This part of VCS helps determine cell surface characteristics like morphology and granulation.
Light scatter
-
What are the components of a five part differential?
- Neutrophils
- Basophils
- Eosinophils
- Monocytes
- Lymphocytes
-
How are abnormalities identified?
Flagging system
-
What are the three types of system messages in the flagging system?
- Suspect
- Definitive
- Condition
-
These flags are generated by the instrument and identify abnormal cell population or distributions.
Suspect
-
Dimorphic RBCs, immature cells, and blasts are examples of what type of message?
Suspect
-
These messages are set by the individual laboratory and define the limit of normal values.
Definitive messages
-
Leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, or small/large platelets are examples of what message?
Definitive message
-
This message indicates whether the WBC, RBC and platelet populations are normal or abnormal.
Condition
-
This code indicates that values exceed printable ranges.
Pluses (++++)
-
This code indicates that a total vote out has occurred.
Dashes (---)
-
What should be done if a vote out occurs?
- Check for clots
- Rerun sample
-
This code indicates incomplete computation, the sample should be rerun.
Dots (…)
-
If a WBC value is highlighted a smear should be made and checked for what three things?
- Platelet clumps
- Giant platelets
- NRBC
-
NRBC, platelet clumping and unlysed RBC’s can cause falsely ______ WBC.
Elevated
-
Clotting, smudge cells, and damaged WBC can cause falsely _____ WBC.
Decreased
-
Giant platelets and a WBC count over 50 can cause falsely _____ RBC.
Elevated
-
Clotting, in vitro hemolysis, and microcytosis can cause a falsely _______ RBC.
Decreased
-
In vitro hemolysis, WBC counts over 50, hyperbilirubinemia and lipemia can cause falsely ______ hgb.
Elevated
-
Clotting can cause a falsely ______ hgb.
Decreased
-
This is a diagram or graphic representation of frequency distribution.
Histogram
-
Histograms are based on ___________.
Cell volume
-
On a histogram lymphocytes are in what cell population.
45-90fl
-
On a histogram mononuclears are in what cell population.
100-160
-
On a histogram granulocytes are in what cell population.
160-450
-
Particles with cell volume >36 but =/< 360fl are identified as what?
RBC’s
-
A tail on an RBC histogram may indicate what three conditions?
- Clumped platelets
- Electrical interference
- Doublets and triplets
-
Particles between 2-20fl are counted as _____.
Platelets
-
To have a valid platelet count, what must be obtained?
Fitted curve
-
In no fitted curve is obtained for platelet how is the count obtained?
Manual count
-
This visual aid helps identify possible immature cells.
Scattergram
-
Which slide stainer can be operated manually?
Hemastainer
-
How many slides is the hemastainer capable of holding?
100
-
What are the six stations for the hemastainer and how long is each station?
- Methanol- 15 sec
- Wright stain- 2 min
- Wright stain/ phosphate buffer- 5 min
- DI water- 20 sec
- Phosphate buffer- 1 min
- Air dry
-
How long does the entire hemastainer process take including drying?
12 min
-
In which stainer are slides carried through the staining procedure face down on a platform?
Hema-tek 100 stainer
-
What is the rate of staining in a hema-tek 100?
One slide per minute
-
What are the four stations on the hema-tek 100?
- Wright stain
- Buffer
- Rinse solution
- Air dry
-
How often should phosphate buffer and solutions be replaced in a stainer?
Daily
|
|