Ecology lab midterm

• Sources of error
• Human interference
• Nature (i.e. genetic drift)
• Small sample size

necessary sample size

Members of populations that either produce viable offspring or have the potential to do so

• Population: Group of a single species living in the same area
• Communities: Group of interacting organisms sharing the same environment

the two visits to the study area are close enough in time so that no individuals die, are born, move into the study area(immigrate) or move out of the study area (emigrate) between visits. The model also assumes that no marks fall off animals between visits to the field site bythe researcher, and that the researcher correctly records all marks.

Water column community

Benthic community

• Temperature
• Dissolved oxygen

• Salinity
• pH

• Visbility/turbidity
• depth

-Dissolved Oxygen (DO)-Nitrates-Salinity -Temperature-Turbidity -Flow-pH

• (low DO, eutrophication/runoff)
• Agricultural runoff
• Deforestation
• Introduced species
• Other point source pollution
• Watershed protection

Replication and longer observation should mean greater accuracy

• Delineation is marked area where characteristics of wetland are met
• Plants adapted for saturated soil conditions
• Drainage pattern that results in saturated soil
• Poorly drained soil with organics and mineral material in top 12 inches of soil

The newcomers will, in turn, establish conditions that no longer favor them but promote the growth of still other species.

• More realistic, but uncontrollable factors
• Environmental noise (ditch)

ability of an organism to change its phenotype in response to changes in the environment.

• ability of an organism to change its phenotype in response to changes in the environment.
• Changes in the expression of genes Morphology vs. environment
• Direct effect from environment i.e. Lack of nutrients => smaller sizeAdaptive responses Based off cues

• You can fail to reject, not accept
• Alternative hypothesis
• If you reject null hypothesis, move forward with alternative

squareroot of variance