chapter 3 terms

• Habitat loss occurs when events, ddue to natural disasters or human activities, alter a terrestrial or aquatic ecosystemso much that many species can no longer survive there
• ex. can be caused by deforestation, draining wetlands

Deforestation occurs when forests are logged or cleared for human use, and are never replanted

• A species that is accidentally or diliberately introduced into a new location.
• ex. zebra mussels- introduced to great lakes through ballast water from Asia

• A species that can take over the habitat of native species.
• -alien species are invasive species
• -ex. zebra mussels 

• Use or extraction of a resource until it is depleted
• -eg. overfishing of atlantic cod, overhunting of passenger pigeons

• the death of all the individuals of a species
• eg. Dodo bird, passenger pigions etc.
• -may happen naturally through background extinction, caused by slow changes in ecosystems that affect species, or through mass extinction which occurs more quickly
• -may be caused by human activities such as overexploitation

• The renewal of degraded or destroyed ecosystems through active human interactions.
• Restoration methods
• -reforestation
• - wetlands restoration
• -controlling alien species
• -chemical control
• -bioremediation
• -bioaugmentation

 Regrowth of a forest, either through natural processes or through the planting of seeds or trees in an area where a forest was cut down

• The use of a species to control the population growth or spread of an undesirable species
• eg. use of a european fly to control the gypsy moth
• eg. use of bacteria spraying to control tent caterpillars and other forest pests

• the use of living organisms to clean up contaminated areas naturally
• eg. use of plants to absorb heavy metals from toxic soil
• eg. use of bacteria to clean up oil spills on the coast

• The use of living organisms to add essential nutrients to depleted soils
• eg. use of clover to add nitrogen to depleted soils