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endocrine amyloid and psammoma bodies
prolactinoma
-
keratin-8
cell marker for GH producing tumor
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basophilic, PAS + tumor cells
ACTH secreting corticotroph adenoma
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Order of decline on pituitary tumors
GH (i dont feel good), FSH/LH (libido gone), then TSH and ACTH (dangerous)
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low GH and IGF-1
isolated GH defeciency
-
GH- r defects=> high GH and low IGF-1
Laron syndrome (primary GH resistance)
-
KAL-1 and FGFR-1 defect
Kallman syn= GnRH deficiency
-
PITX2 mutation=> iris hypoplasia, eccentric pupils, etc
Rieger Syndrom
-
yellow- brown, cholesterol rich fluid (machine oil) with Utah shaped cholesterol crystals
craniopharyngioma
-
TRK, MET or RET mutation in thyroid tumor
papillary cn, may present as LN metastasis in the eck
-
Psammoma bodies in a thyroid tumor
papillary cn of thyroid
-
orphan annie (optically clear nuclei)
papillary cn of thyroid
-
coffee bean nuclei
papillary cn of thyroid
-
thyroid cn that can metastasize to bone
follicular cn of thyroid
-
PAX8 and PPARgamma gene mutation
follicular cn of thyroid
-
amyloid lakes in thyroid tumor
(will show apple green biferengence under polarized light when stained with congo red)
- medullary (C cell) cn
- associated with Ret mutation in all cases of MEN II
-
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marked hyperpyrexia
thyroid storm
-
extremely tender thyroid
- DeQuervains subacute granulomatous thyroiditis
- will NOT take up I-
-
foreign body granulom with giant cells
DeQuervain
-
rock hard neck mass
riedel thyroiditis- fibroplastic collagen proliferation
-
excessive widening of growth plates
suggestive of rickets
-
principal trigger for 2 hyperparathyroidism
hyperphosphatemia
-
rugger-jersey spine
dx of osteodystrophy associatid with hyperPTism of chronic renal failure
-
tunneling resorption seen on XR
osteocytic fibrosa cystica
-
intraosseous accumulation of Giant cells and osteoclasts with brown color
Brown tumor of hyperPTism
-
GNAS1 mutation
leads to pseudohypoPTism- G protein defect can not carry out PTHs signal
-
urinary cAMP fails to rise in response to PTH admin
pseudohypoPTism, inability of cell to respond to PT b/c of G protein mutation
-
bradydactyly (shortening of 4th and 5th MC==> shortened digits, as well as dimpling of the knuckes and shortening of distal phalyn of thumb)
most reliable sigh pf pseudohypoparathyroidism
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use of Vit D related drugs
2 hyperPTism, hypoPTism and pseudohypoPTism
-
use for cinacalcet
1 and 2 hyperPTism
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drugs for hypercalcemia of malignancy
pamidronate and zoledronic acid (bisphosphonate)
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